School Of Basic And Applied Sciences

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    Wheat grain proteomic and protein�metabolite interactions analyses provide insights into plant growth promoting bacteria�arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi�wheat interactions
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022-04-09T00:00:00) Yadav, Radheshyam; Chakraborty, Sudip; Ramakrishna, Wusirika
    Key message: Proteomic, protein�protein and protein�metabolite interaction analyses in wheat inoculated with PGPB and AMF identified key proteins and metabolites that may have a role in enhancing yield and biofortification. Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have an impact on grain yield and nutrition. This dynamic yet complex interaction implies a broad reprogramming of the plant�s metabolic and proteomic activities. However, little information is available regarding the role of native PGPB and AMF and how they affect the plant proteome, especially under field conditions. Here, proteomic, protein�protein and protein�metabolite interaction studies in wheat triggered by PGPB, Bacillus subtilis CP4 either alone or together with AMF under field conditions was carried out. The dual inoculation with native PGPB (CP4) and AMF promoted the differential abundance of many proteins, such as histones, glutenin, avenin and ATP synthase compared to the control and single inoculation. Interaction study of these differentially expressed proteins using STRING revealed that they interact with other proteins involved in seed development and abiotic stress tolerance. Furthermore, these interacting proteins are involved in carbon fixation, sugar metabolism and biosynthesis of amino acids. Molecular docking predicted that wheat seed storage proteins, avenin and glutenin interact with secondary metabolites, such as trehalose, and sugars, such as xylitol. Mapping of differentially expressed proteins to KEGG pathways showed their involvement in sugar metabolism, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and modulation of histones. These proteins and metabolites can serve as markers for improving wheat�PGPB�AMF interactions leading to higher yield and biofortification. � 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
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    Characterization of Hexaploid Wheat Protein on the Basis of their Date of Release in Indian sub- continent
    (Central University of Punjab, 2018) Negi, Arti; Dhiman Monisha
    Wheat is the third most grown cereal worldwide. The storage proteins of wheat represent an important source of food and energy and are also involved in the determination of bread wheat quality. These gluten proteins are categorized as prolamins, composed of monomeric gliadin (single chain polypeptides) and polymeric glutenin (multiple polypeptide chains).Unfortunately consumption of these gluten protein is known to be linked with range of clinical disorders e.g. celiac disease, wheat allergy and wheat intolerance. The main objective of the present work is to elaborate a detailed knowledge of the variability of proteins and protein fractions of the wheat varieties based on their origin. 25 wheat varieties procured from Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research were evaluated for analysis of total wheat protein and gluten protein by sodium dodecyl sulfate- polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS- PAGE) and cluster analysis was done based on SDS-PAGE gels to investigate variation among varieties. Multiple sequence alignment of ?-gliadin protein of different genes was done and region of highest variability among them is reported. This study shows that 25 varieties of wheat of different origin vary in their total wheat protein as well as gluten content. However the results of cluster analysis of gluten showed low degree of heterogeneity among the varieties.