School Of Basic And Applied Sciences

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Subject: search.filters.subject.Interleukin-6

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    Role of plant-based bioactive nutritional or dietary supplements in the metabolic syndrome of women and children during Covid-19
    (Apple Academic Press, 2023-08-04T00:00:00) Yashi, Srivastava; Awasthi, Ankit
    Metabolic syndrome includes obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D) mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and inflammation showing detrimental result in women and children on the immune response to COVID-19. The plants are the best sources for the production of bioactive compounds like polyphenol, flavonoids, etc. (Keservani and Sharma, 2014). These compounds have properties to improve the functionality of many receptors (insulin IR, AMPK, TNF, and TNFR, cytokine receptor, IL-1, ILR, TNF, TNFR, and PPARG) that can control internal factors (LDL, VLDL, HDL, triglycerides, glucose level, C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocytes, heart rate and blood pressure) which eventually reduces the risk of metabolic syndrome. The processing, digestibility, and functionality of bioactive constituents from plants helps in the consumption of nutraceutical supplements through many government schemes and decreases the cases of metabolic syndrome in many countries. � 2023 Apple Academic Press, Inc.
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    Role of plant-based bioactive nutritional or dietary supplements in the metabolic syndrome of women and children during Covid-19
    (Apple Academic Press, 2023-08-04T00:00:00) Yashi, Srivastava; Awasthi, Ankit
    Metabolic syndrome includes obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D) mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and inflammation showing detrimental result in women and children on the immune response to COVID-19. The plants are the best sources for the production of bioactive compounds like polyphenol, flavonoids, etc. (Keservani and Sharma, 2014). These compounds have properties to improve the functionality of many receptors (insulin IR, AMPK, TNF, and TNFR, cytokine receptor, IL-1, ILR, TNF, TNFR, and PPARG) that can control internal factors (LDL, VLDL, HDL, triglycerides, glucose level, C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocytes, heart rate and blood pressure) which eventually reduces the risk of metabolic syndrome. The processing, digestibility, and functionality of bioactive constituents from plants helps in the consumption of nutraceutical supplements through many government schemes and decreases the cases of metabolic syndrome in many countries. � 2023 Apple Academic Press, Inc.
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    A panoramic review of IL-6: Structure, pathophysiological roles and inhibitors
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2020) Kaur S.; Bansal Y.; Kumar R.; Bansal G.
    Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic pro-inflammatory cytokine. Its deregulation is associated with chronic inflammation, and multifactorial auto-immune disorders. It mediates its biological roles through a hexameric complex composed of IL-6 itself, its receptor IL-6R, and glycoprotein 130 (IL-6/IL-6R/gp130). This complex, in turn, activates different signaling mechanisms (classical and trans-signaling) to execute various biochemical functions. The trans-signaling mechanism activates various pathological routes, like JAK/STAT3, Ras/MAPK, PI3K–PKB/Akt, and regulation of CD4+ T cells and VEGF levels, which cause cancer, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, anemia, inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. Involvement of IL-6 in pathophysiology of these complex diseases makes it an important target for the treatment of these diseases. Though some anti-IL-6 monoclonal antibodies are being used clinically, but their high cost, only parenteral administration, and possibility of immunogenicity have limited their use, and warranted the development of novel small non-peptide molecules as IL-6 inhibitors. In the present report, all molecules reported in literature as IL-6 inhibitors have been classified as IL-6 production, IL-6R, and IL-6 signaling inhibitors. Reports available till date are critically studied to identify important and salient structural features common in these molecules. These analyses would assist medicinal chemists to design novel and potent IL-6 production and signaling inhibitors, through knowledge- and/or computer-based approaches, for the treatment of complex multifactorial diseases.
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    Cellular uptake, intracellular trafficking and cytotoxicity of silver nanoparticles
    (2012) Singh, R.P.; Ramarao, P.
    Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) are used in consumer products and wound dressings due to their antimicrobial properties. However, in addition to toxic effects on microbes, Ag NPs can also induce stress responses as well as cytotoxicity in mammalian cells. We observed that Ag NPs are efficiently internalized via scavenger receptor-mediated phagocytosis in murine macrophages. Confocal and electron microscopy analysis revealed that internalized Ag NPs localize in the cytoplasm. Ag NPs cause mitochondrial damage, induce apoptosis and cell death. These effects were abrogated in presence of Ag ion-reactive, thiol-containing compounds suggesting the central of Ag ions in Ag NP toxicity. Quantitative image analysis revealed that intracellular dissolution of Ag NPs occurs about 50 times faster than in water. In conclusion, we demonstrate for the first time that Ag NPs are internalized by scavenger receptors, trafficked to cytoplasm and induce toxicity by releasing Ag ions. ? 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd.