School Of Basic And Applied Sciences

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    Exploring the Regulatory Role of ncRNA in NAFLD: A Particular Focus on PPARs
    (MDPI, 2022-12-08T00:00:00) Mukherjee, Anirban Goutam; Wanjari, Uddesh Ramesh; Gopalakrishnan, Abilash Valsala; Katturajan, Ramkumar; Kannampuzha, Sandra; Murali, Reshma; Namachivayam, Arunraj; Ganesan, Raja; Renu, Kaviyarasi; Dey, Abhijit; Vellingiri, Balachandar; Prince, Sabina Evan
    Liver diseases are responsible for global mortality and morbidity and are a significant cause of death worldwide. Consequently, the advancement of new liver disease targets is of great interest. Non-coding RNA (ncRNA), such as microRNA (miRNA) and long ncRNA (lncRNA), has been proven to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of virtually all acute and chronic liver disorders. Recent studies demonstrated the medical applications of miRNA in various phases of hepatic pathology. PPARs play a major role in regulating many signaling pathways involved in various metabolic disorders. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent form of chronic liver disease in the world, encompassing a spectrum spanning from mild steatosis to severe non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). PPARs were found to be one of the major regulators in the progression of NAFLD. There is no recognized treatment for NAFLD, even though numerous clinical trials are now underway. NAFLD is a major risk factor for developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and its frequency increases as obesity and diabetes become more prevalent. Reprogramming anti-diabetic and anti-obesity drugs is an effective therapy option for NAFLD and NASH. Several studies have also focused on the role of ncRNAs in the pathophysiology of NAFLD. The regulatory effects of these ncRNAs make them a primary target for treatments and as early biomarkers. In this study, the main focus will be to understand the regulation of PPARs through ncRNAs and their role in NAFLD. � 2022 by the authors.
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    STAT signaling as a target for intervention: from cancer inflammation and angiogenesis to non-coding RNAs modulation
    (Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2022-04-26T00:00:00) Tuli, Hardeep Singh; Sak, Katrin; Iqubal, Ashif; Garg, Vivek Kumar; Varol, Mehmet; Sharma, Uttam; Chauhan, Abhishek; Yerer, Mukerrem Betul; Dhama, Kuldeep; Jain, Manju; Jain, Aklank
    As a landmark, scientific investigation in cytokine signaling and interferon-related anti-viral activity, signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) family of proteins was first discovered in the 1990s. Today, we know that the STAT family consists of several transcription factors which regulate various molecular and cellular processes, including proliferation, angiogenesis, and differentiation in human carcinoma. STAT family members play an active role in transducing signals from cell membrane to nucleus through intracellular signaling and thus activating gene transcription. Additionally, they are also associated with the development and progression of human cancer by facilitating inflammation, cell survival, and resistance to therapeutic responses. Accumulating evidence suggests that not all STAT proteins are associated with the progression of human malignancy; however, STAT3/5 are constitutively activated in various cancers, including multiple myeloma, lymphoma, breast cancer, prostate hepatocellular carcinoma, and non-small cell lung cancer. The present review highlights how STAT-associated events are implicated in cancer inflammation, angiogenesis and non-coding RNA (ncRNA) modulation to highlight potential intervention into carcinogenesis-related cellular processes. � 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.