APE1/Ref-1 as an emerging therapeutic target for various human diseases: Phytochemical modulation of its functions

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dc.contributor.authorThakur, Shweta
dc.contributor.authorSarkar, Bibekananda
dc.contributor.authorCholia, Ravi P.
dc.contributor.authorGautam, Nandini
dc.contributor.authorDhiman, Monisha
dc.contributor.authorMantha, Anil K.
dc.date.accessioned2017-08-12T08:25:31Z
dc.date.accessioned2024-08-13T13:22:17Z
dc.date.available2017-08-12T08:25:31Z
dc.date.available2024-08-13T13:22:17Z
dc.date.issued2014
dc.description.abstractApurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) is a multifunctional enzyme involved in the base excision repair (BER) pathway, which repairs oxidative base damage caused by endogenous and exogenous agents. APE1 acts as a reductive activator of many transcription factors (TFs) and has also been named redox effector factor 1, Ref-1. For example, APE1 activates activator protein-1, nuclear factor kappa B, hypoxia-inducible factor 1a, paired box gene 8, signal transducer activator of transcription 3 and p53, which are involved in apoptosis, inflammation, angiogenesis and survival pathways. APE1/Ref-1 maintains cellular homeostasis (redox) via the activation of TFs that regulate various physiological processes and that crosstalk with redox balancing agents (for example, thioredoxin, catalase and superoxide dismutase) by controlling levels of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. The efficiency of APE1/Ref-1's function(s) depends on pairwise interaction with participant protein(s), the functions regulated by APE1/Ref-1 include the BER pathway, TFs, energy metabolism, cytoskeletal elements and stress-dependent responses. Thus, APE1/Ref-1 acts as a 'hub-protein' that controls pathways that are important for cell survival. In this review, we will discuss APE1/Ref-1's versatile nature in various human etiologies, including neurodegeneration, cancer, cardiovascular and other diseases that have been linked with alterations in the expression, subcellular localization and activities of APE/Ref-1. APE1/Ref-1 can be targeted for therapeutic intervention using natural plant products that modulate the expression and functions of APE1/Ref-1. In addition, studies focusing on translational applications based on APE1/Ref-1-mediated therapeutic interventions are discussed. ? 2014 KSBMB.en_US
dc.identifier.citationThakur, S., Sarkar, B., Cholia, R. P., Gautam, N., Dhiman, M., & Mantha, A. K. (2014). APE1/Ref-1 as an emerging therapeutic target for various human diseases: Phytochemical modulation of its functions. Experimental and Molecular Medicine, 46(7). doi: 10.1038/emm.2014.42en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1038/emm.2014.42
dc.identifier.issn12263613
dc.identifier.urihttp://10.2.3.109/handle/32116/341
dc.identifier.urlhttps://www.nature.com/articles/emm201442
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.publisherNature Publishing Groupen_US
dc.subjectAngelica Gigans Extracten_US
dc.subjectCatalaseen_US
dc.subjectCurcuminen_US
dc.subjectDacarbazineen_US
dc.subjectDnaen_US
dc.subjectDna (Apurinic Or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyaseen_US
dc.subjectEpigallocatechin Gallateen_US
dc.subjectHypoxia Inducible Factor 1Alphaen_US
dc.subjectImmunoglobulin Enhancer Binding Proteinen_US
dc.subjectIsoflavoneen_US
dc.subjectLuteolinen_US
dc.subjectPlant Extracten_US
dc.subjectPolyphenolen_US
dc.subjectProtein P53en_US
dc.subjectQuercetinen_US
dc.subjectReactive Nitrogen Speciesen_US
dc.subjectReactive Oxygen Metaboliteen_US
dc.subjectRedox Effector Factor 1en_US
dc.subjectResveratrolen_US
dc.subjectRosmarinic Aciden_US
dc.subjectSmall Interfering Rnaen_US
dc.subjectSuperoxide Dismutaseen_US
dc.subjectThioredoxinen_US
dc.subjectTranscription Factoren_US
dc.subjectTranscription Factor Pax8en_US
dc.subjectUnclen_US
dc.titleAPE1/Ref-1 as an emerging therapeutic target for various human diseases: Phytochemical modulation of its functionsen_US
dc.title.journalExperimental and Molecular Medicine
dc.typeReviewen_US

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