Assessment of Ground Water Quality of Lucknow City under GIS Framework Using Water Quality Index (WQI)

dc.contributor.authorSaqib, Nazmu
dc.contributor.authorRai, Praveen Kumar
dc.contributor.authorKanga, Shruti
dc.contributor.authorKumar, Deepak
dc.contributor.author?urin, Bojan
dc.contributor.authorSingh, Suraj Kumar
dc.date.accessioned2024-01-21T10:51:55Z
dc.date.accessioned2024-08-14T06:47:35Z
dc.date.available2024-01-21T10:51:55Z
dc.date.available2024-08-14T06:47:35Z
dc.date.issued2023-08-28T00:00:00
dc.description.abstractContinuous groundwater quality monitoring is crucial for ensuring safe drinking and irrigation by mitigating risks from geochemical contaminants through appropriate treatment methods. Therefore, the primary objective of this study was to assess the suitability of groundwater collected from Lucknow, India, for both drinking and irrigation. Forty samples were collected from different sites within the study area to evaluate groundwater quality. Various parameters such as pH, turbidity, total dissolved solids (TDS), chlorides ((Formula presented.)), total alkalinity, total hardness, sulphate ((Formula presented.)), nitrate ((Formula presented.)), fluorides ((Formula presented.)), iron (Fe), arsenic (As), magnesium ((Formula presented.)), and calcium ((Formula presented.)) were analyzed. The weighted arithmetic water quality index (WAWQI), a vital rating system representing overall water quality, was employed to classify the water into different categories, such as very good, good, moderate, poor, and unfit for drinking. This classification is invaluable for public awareness and decision-making to make informed decisions regarding effective management, treatment, and sustainable societal development on a broader scale. A correlation matrix was generated and analyzed to observe correlations between the various parameters. Additionally, spatial distribution maps for the analyzed parameters and WQI were prepared using the inverse distance weighted (IDW) method. The study found that WQI values in the area ranged from 2.64 to 168.68, indicating good water quality in most places except for the Kukrail region, where the water quality is unfit for drinking purposes. The water quality map shows that 86% of the area falls under the very good category, 14.63% under good to moderate quality, and 0.37% is categorized as unfit for drinking. Consequently, the findings suggest that the groundwater in the studied area is safe and suitable for drinking and irrigation purposes. � 2023 by the authors.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/w15173048
dc.identifier.issn20734441
dc.identifier.urihttps://kr.cup.edu.in/handle/32116/4112
dc.identifier.urlhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/15/17/3048
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.publisherMultidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)en_US
dc.subjectarsenicen_US
dc.subjectgeographical information systemen_US
dc.subjectgroundwater contaminationen_US
dc.subjectnitrateen_US
dc.subjectwater quality indexen_US
dc.titleAssessment of Ground Water Quality of Lucknow City under GIS Framework Using Water Quality Index (WQI)en_US
dc.title.journalWater (Switzerland)en_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dc.type.accesstypeOpen Accessen_US

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