Immune signaling networks in plant-pathogen interactions

Abstract

Plants and their pathogens are in a constant coevolutionary fight for dominance. The consequences of these interactions are particularly important for human activities as they may have significant implications for agricultural systems. Plants use a number of cell-surface and intracellular immunological receptors to detect and respond to a variety of immunogenic signals associated with pathogen infection. Plants have a remarkable ability to identify pathogens using both conserved and varied pathogen elicitors, and modify the defense response by secreting virulence effector chemicals. The recent confluence of molecular studies of plant immunity and pathogen invasion tactics has revealed a more comprehensive picture of the plant-pathogen relationship from the perspective of both species. Here, we review the activation of different immune receptors and outline our current understanding of their signaling pathways. We also go over how different receptors are grouped into networks and what this means for the integration of complicated threat signals into appropriate defense outputs. � 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.