Browsing by Author "Vasquez, K.M."

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    The emerging role of long non-coding RNA in gallbladder cancer pathogenesis
    (Elsevier B.V., 2017) Khandelwal, Akanksha; Malhotra, Akshay; Jain, Manju; Vasquez, Karen M.; Jain, Aklank; Khandelwal, A.; Malhotra, A.; Jain, M.; Vasquez, K.M.; Jain, A.
    Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is the most common and aggressive form of biliary tract carcinoma with an alarmingly low 5-year survival rate. Despite its high mortality rate, the underlying mechanisms of GBC pathogenesis are not completely understood. Recently, from a growing volume of literature, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as key regulators of gene expression and appear to play vital roles in many human cancers. To date, a number of lncRNAs have been implicated in GBC, but their potential roles in GBC have not been systematically examined. Thus, in this review, we critically discuss the emerging roles of lncRNAs in GBC, and the pathways involved. Specifically, we note that some lncRNAs show greater expression in T1 and T2 tumor stages compared to T3 and T4 tumor stages and that their dysregulation leads to alterations in cell cycle progression and can cause an increase in GBC cell proliferation or apoptosis. In addition, some lncRNAs control the epithelial-mesenchymal transition process, while others take part in the regulation of ERK/MAPK and Ras cancer-associated signaling pathways. We also present their potential utility in diagnosis, prognosis, and/or treatment of GBC. The overall goal of this review is to stimulate interest in the role of lncRNAs in GBC, which may open new avenues in the determination of GBC pathogenesis and may lead to the development of new preventive and therapeutic strategies for GBC. ? 2016 Elsevier B.V. and Soci?t? Fran?aise de Biochimie et Biologie Mol?culaire (SFBBM)
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    The regulatory roles of long non-coding RNAs in the development of chemoresistance in breast cancer
    (Impact Journals LLC, 2017) Malhotra, Akshay; Jain, Manju; Prakash, Hridayesh; Vasquez, Karen M.; Jain, Aklank; Malhotra, A.; Jain, M.; Prakash, H.; Vasquez, K.M.; Jain, A.
    Chemoresistance is one of the major hurdles in the treatment of breast cancer, which limits the effect of both targeted and conventional therapies in clinical settings. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms underpinning resistance is paramount for developing strategies to circumvent resistance in breast cancer patients. Several published reports have indicated that lncRNAs play a dynamic role in the regulation of both intrinsic and acquired chemoresistance through a variety of mechanisms that endow cells with a drug-resistant phenotype. Although a number of lncRNAs have been implicated in chemoresistance of breast cancer, their mechanistic roles have not been systematically reviewed. Thus, here we present a detailed review on the latest research findings and discoveries on the mechanisms of acquisition of chemoresistance in breast cancer related to lncRNAs, and how lncRNAs take part in various cancer signalling pathways involved in breast cancer cells. Knowledge obtained from this review could assist in the development of new strategies to avoid or reverse drug resistance in breast cancer chemotherapy. ? 2017 Malhotra et al.