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Item Insights into the tolerance and phytoremediation potential of Coronopus didymus L. (Sm) grown under zinc stress(Elsevier Ltd, 2020) Sidhu G.P.S.; Bali A.S.; Singh H.P.; Batish D.R.; Kohli R.K.Zinc (Zn) is a vital micronutrient for plants, but its abundance can be calamitous. In this study, a screenhouse experiment was conducted over a 6-week period to assess the effect of soil enrichment with Zn regimes (100, 250 and 500 mg kg?1) on growth, Zn accumulation, photosynthetic pigment concentration, oxidative stress markers and activities of antioxidant enzymes in Coronopus didymus. Results revealed that Zn concentration in C. didymus roots and shoots reached up to 1848 mg kg?1 DW and 1845 mg kg?1 DW at 500 mg kg?1 Zn regime, respectively. The plant growth (root-shoot length and biomass) increased, while leaf pigment concentration and soluble protein content in C. didymus tissues decreased progressively with the increased Zn regimes in the soil. At 500 mg kg?1 Zn regime, hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde level increased ?219% and 111% in roots, while ?170% and 105% in shoots, with respect to the control. Likewise, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, guaiacol peroxidase and glutathione reductase activities increased significantly with elevated Zn levels. Contrarily, compared to the control, CAT activity declined gradually and reached a minimum of ?45% in roots and 12% in shoots under highest Zn regime. The results suggested that C. didymus displayed high Zn accumulation and emerged as a tolerant plant species towards Zn stress. Elevated Zn regimes provoked reactive oxygen species generation in C. didymus tissues which was effectively neutralised and scavenged by the antioxidant enzymes, thus marked its efficacy to be potentially employed in phytoremediation and reclamation of Zn-contaminated soils.Item Effect of lead on oxidative status, antioxidative response and metal accumulation in Coronopus didymus(Elsevier Masson SAS, 2016) Sidhu, Gagan Preet Singh; Singh, Harminder Pal; Batish, Daizy R.; Kohli, R.K.A screenhouse experiment was conducted to assay the effect of Lead (Pb) on oxidative status, antioxidative response and metal accumulation in Coronopus didymus after 6 weeks. Results revealed a good Pb tolerance and accumulation potential of C. didymus towards the increasing Pb concentrations (500, 900, 1800, 2900 mg kg-1) in soil. The content of Pb in roots and shoots elevated with higher Pb levels and reached a maximum of 3684.3 mg kg-1 and 862.8 mg kg-1 Pb dry weight, respectively, at 2900 mg kg-1 treatment. Pb exposure stimulated electrolyte leakage, H2O2 level, MDA content and the activities of antioxidant machinery (SOD, CAT, APX, GPX and GR). However, at the highest Pb concentration, the activities of SOD and CAT declined. The H2O2 level and MDA content in roots increased significantly up to ~500% and 213%, respectively, over the control, at 2900 mg kg-1 Pb treatment. Likewise, concurrent findings were noticed in shoots of C. didymus, with the increasing Pb concentration. The present work suggests that C. didymus exhibited a good accumulation potential for Pb and can tolerate Pb-induced oxidative stress by an effective antioxidant defense mechanism. ? 2016.Item Appraising the role of environment friendly chelants in alleviating lead by Coronopus didymus from Pb-contaminated soils(Elsevier Ltd, 2017) Sidhu, Gagan Preet Singh; Singh, Harminder Pal; Batish, Daizy R.; Kohli, R.K.In a screenhouse experiment, we investigated the role of two environment friendly chelants, Ammonium molybdate and EDDS for Pb mobilisation and its extraction by Coronopus didymus under completely randomized controlled conditions. Seedlings of C.?didymus were grown in pots having Pb-contaminated soil (1200 and 2200?mg?kg?1) for 6 weeks. Plants were harvested, 1 week after the addition of A. molybdate and EDDS. Results revealed that A. molybdate and EDDS enhanced the uptake and accumulation of Pb in roots and shoots of C.?didymus. At 2200?mg?kg?1 Pb level, compared to Pb-alone treatment, the maximal concentration of Pb was increased upto ?10% and ?19%, in roots whereas ?8% and ?18%, respectively, in shoots on addition of 2?mmol?kg?1 A. molybdate and EDDS. Additionally, Pb?+?EDDS treatments enhanced the plant biomass and triggered strong antioxidative response, more efficaciously than Pb?+?A. molybdate and Pb-alone treated plants. In this study, EDDS relative to A. molybdate was more efficient in mobilising and extracting Pb from soil. Although, EDDS followed by A. molybdate had good efficacy in mitigating Pb from contaminated soils but C.?didymus itself has the inherent affinity to tolerate and accumulate Pb from contaminated soils and hence in future, can be used either alone or with some other eco-friendly amendments for soil remediation purposes. ? 2017 Elsevier Ltd