South And Central Asian Studies - Master Dissertation

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://kr.cup.edu.in/handle/32116/98

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The Geopolitics Of Peace Process: A Case Study Of Post 9/11 Afghanistan
(Central University of Punjab, 2018) Ul-Haq, Hafiz Mohammad Ikram; Kaushiki, Nishtha
Peace talks are indefinable for decades. For one reason or another, Afghanistan has, since long, been a center of power politics between the two superpowers followed by a civil war. Later, it emerged as a battlefield for 'war on terror' and insurgency movements. After the Withdrawal of Russia in 1994, Taliban took over the government and run the administration of Afghanistan. Taliban Leader Mullah Omar known as the Khalifa of the State. Many Islamic Organizations of the world are supporting Taliban and Al-Qaeda also in Afghanistan. After, the 9/11 attacks in the United States, Washington responded militarily while launching attacks on Afghanistan with the support of Pakistan. The aim of USA is to fight against terrorism especially against Usama-bin-laden, and his organization Al-Qaeda, because of being the mastermind of 9/11 attacks. Afghanistan government was established through Boon Agreement in 2001. At the time of this accord, it was hoped that the rapid growth of the Taliban regime and the installation of a broad-based internationally backed administration would bring an end to large-scale conflict in Afghanistan. The accord has made reference to the idea of peaceful co-existence, and the political roadmap outline includes measures with the significant potential to further peace process. Afghan Peace talks started after the toppling down of the Taliban v government in December 2001. The aim of the peace process in Afghanistan has been the restoring of stability in the country and the establishment of a democratically elected government. The intervention of external players in Afghanistan is a big challenge to peace and stability in the region. Afghanistan is one of the unsuccessful states of the world that is known for foreign invasions or armies crossing its border to fulfil their personal and national Interest. In the 19th and 20th century Afghanistan remained a potential field and center of attention for the great game between Russia and the British Empire, for enhancing their influence in central and south Asia. Nonetheless, Afghanistan has been called as the graveyard of Empires. Apart from US, the interested parties in Afghanistan are also the regional powers like China, Russia, Pakistan, India and Iran. Therefore, in the process, the role of the US, China, Russia, India and Pakistan in the Afghan Peace Process have been discussed. There has never been a strong central or elected government in Afghanistan whose writ could be uniformly present in all parts of the country. So, neighbors exploit the situation to their own advantage and send their proxy wars to Afghanistan. Be it the rivalry between British-India and Soviet Union, United States and Soviet Union in the past, or Pakistan-India rivalry at present or a new great game. All regional powers are struggling to use Afghanistan as a battleground to settle their scores against each other. Pakistan and USA are the main External players interfering in this country. Pakistan provided a space to Americans in their fight against the Al-Qaida and Taliban. The only way in the peace in Afghanistan, as realized by the interesting parties except India is how to bring Taliban on the negotiating table and sort out issues by reaching a consensus. However, Taliban have many Demands, and the major demand is to implement the Islamic Sharia Law in the State. Therefore, the last chapter deals with this.
Humanitarian Intervention and Iraq crisis: A Breach of International law
(Central University of Punjab, 2018) Gopal, Neerudi; Kaushiki, Nishtha
The dissertation is critically addressed the legality of armed intervention by the United States, in Iraq (2003). The government of the US has been defend her actions on the base of resolutions passed by United Nation General Assembly. This dissertation also investigates uses of force that lack a clear legal authority. Cause of intervention the Humanitarian intervention in the Iraq which has taken place due to mainly 9/11 attacks allegation over the Iraq and second major cause of Iraq crisis was that developing Weapons of mass destruction and suppling the Biological and Chemical weapons to the al Qaeda these are the main allegations over the Iraq. As a result Washington has been decided to fight on Global terrorism as in that process US had to intervene in the Iraq. It then explores the issue of legitimate, that is, justifiable, uses of force as part of the decentralized system of international law enforcement. The issue that is discussed considers whether an 'illegal' opposition force can in fact have some legitimacy. That is, can a use of force be justified even though it stretches the boundaries of international law, v in particular an enabling United Nation Security Council Resolution. The legitimacy of this doctrine is evaluated through its positive and negative aspects. This thesis considers the aforementioned issues both in general terms, and with respect to UN Resolutions against Iraq. The evaluation of these studies adds to and detracts from the legitimacy of armed intervention. Finally, my dissertation makes various suggestions for reform of UNSC system with respect to a number of the difficulties it identifies with the practice of decentralized law enforcement.
India'S Neighbourhood Policy Under NDA II Government: A Maldivian Perspective
(Central University of Punjab, 2018) Singh, Khusdeep; Singh, Bawa
The foreign policy of India has been based on three pillars Non-alignment, Anticolonialism, and Panchsheel.Neighbourhood policy is a subset of Indian foreign policy. Since the independence of India has been maintained good relations with its neighbours. India has maintained close and friendly relations with the neighbour. The Modi's government has been start neighbourhood first policy. India has decent relations with the Maldives Being strategically located, the Maldives has been holding a pivotal position for Indian maritime security. The Maldives is eyes of India in the Indian Ocean. India has followed the ''Neighbourhood first'' and the Maldives also follow the ''India first policy''. But the relations between these countries are not good. The former President of Maldives, He had followed the "India First Policy." The government of Abdulla Yameen has followed ''China First policy''. Many mismatch between India and China related to security, economic and political perspective
Politics of Social Movements In India: An Assessment of Chipko Movement and Narmada Bachao Andolan
(Central University of Punjab, 2018) Kumar, Jitendra; Verma, Sudheer Singh
Social movements are concerned with the State Activities like making law and implementation of the law directly or indirectly. In India, the genesis of movements could traced during the British's Rule. India has been experienced social reform movements during the British's rule. The social movements as such concept came into exist after independence. A social movement is a form of collective behavior of large numbers of people, which are uniting for to promote or resist change in society. The politics of social movement's mean that state actions on the issues of social movement like policy, rules and regulations. Social movements are arising issues in society and the policy makers and the politics of social movement is solving the issues with the policy or expressions of the state will. Social movements are helping to formulate the public opinion about issues and provide training of leaders who became part of the political elite. Environmental movements were considering a social movement because both have share same characteristics like collective action and promotes or resist the social problems. Environmental movement is particularly concerned to perceive the environment protection and act to bring changes in environmental policies and practices. In the 1970s, Chipko movement, an organized resistance to the destruction of forests spread throughout India and came to known as the Chipko movement. The name of the movement comes from the word 'embrace' as the villagers hugged the trees, and prevented the contractors from fallen them. In 1985, Narmada Bachao v Andolan is the most powerful mass movement started, against the construction of a huge dam on the Narmada River. In this project, we discuss the globalisation impact on the chipko movements and Narmada Bachao Andolan with the help of secondary and tertiary source of data through analytical approach. The globalisation affects the chipko movement because different environmental movements in different parts of countries use the tactics of this movement and strategies; it is only possible of globalisation. Narmada Bachao Andolan also affected by globalisation in different points like the withdrawing of World Bank grant and different international organization also support this Andolan through different perspectives like writing and media.
Rohingya Crisis: An Analysis on Indian Security Perspective
(Central University of Punjab, 2018) Singh, Gurmit; Singh, Bawa
Ethnic conflicts are harmful for the whole societies and with the passage of time if they are not solved they are making a thread for the states. This study has tried to focus on the world’s most persecuted minority Rohingya. They belong to the Muslim community of Myanmar. Oppression and persecution of Rohingya frequently occurs in Rakhine province of Myanmar by her own government. After the independence of Myanmar from colonial rule Rohingya Muslims are faced discriminated nature of different governments of Myanmar. Form the history there is so many events of violence took place. In August 2017, once again has terrible violence commenced by Myanmar’s military forces against Rohingya Muslim. From the past they are deprived from their own citizenship, rights, education, home, jobs and even food. They have fled Myanmar to Bangladesh and looking asylum in some other neighboring countries. As far as India’s concern, it came suddenly in limelight because government is planning to deport 40, 0000 Rohingyas settled in Jammu and Kashmir, Delhi and other state to Myanmar. Because of potential Security threat and considering some additional things such as Economic burden, demographic misbalance, unemployment and over populated country like India has not directly offered shelter and asylum to these persecuted ethnic people. But it is comprehensible that if India would takeany strong position in favor of Rohingyas can affect relations between two sides. India has been taking its steps very carefully. India is offering huge financial assistance and stuffs of basic necessities to Bangladesh on the Humanitarian ground and starting a “operation insanyat” and signed agreement with Bangladesh government. It has also appealed to Myanmar to take certain steps to finish the crisis.
Women's Participation in Panchayati Raj Institution in Punjab: A Case Study of Villages - Bahadurgarh Jandian and Raike Khurd of District Bathinda
(Central University of Punjab, 2018) Singh, Husanpreet; Verma, Sudheer Singh
Panchayati Raj Institutions have always been considered as a means to people's participation in decision-making process regarding their development programmes. It is also materialisation of Philosophy of Gandhi regarding up liftmen of rural community and self-development through their political participation. After Feasibility study conducted by several governmental constitute committees; India have given constitutional validity to the Panchayati Raj institution through introduction of the 73rd constitutional amendment. The constitution has made provision of representation for the disadvantaged section of the society like schedule caste, scheduled tribes and women in the process of local governance as an electoral representative and a voter. To what extent are they facing hurdles to be part of the governance? The study has further made an attempt to find out that whether the conditions of women in rural area of Punjab has been changed through their participation in local governance. For the said study, there has been collected sample data of twenty women representatives. In which, some women are elected representatives of Panchayati Raj and another as voters from the two villages. These data have helped to understand women's participation along with the available theoretical works. At last, the study has found that in male-dominated society, husband of women takes decision in the name of his wife wherever or whenever women becomes a head of v the Panchayati Raj institution at village. The study also found that this has been happening due to lack of education and awareness among women at villages.