Economic Studies - Research Publications

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Author: search.filters.author.Awasthi, I.C.Has files: No

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    Reducing Rural Poverty Through Non-farm Job Creation in India
    (Springer, 2022-03-15T00:00:00) Pattayat, Shiba Shankar; Parida, Jajati Keshari; Awasthi, I.C.
    Based on secondary data, this paper estimates the incidence of poverty by sectoral employment status of individuals and it explores the factors determining individual�s joint probabilities of being poor and being engaged in the non-farm sector jobs (at micro-level). It also finds the impact (at macro-level) of rural non-farm sector employment on the incidence of rural poverty, and it identifies the subsectors of the non-farm sector, which help reduce the incidence of rural poverty in India. Using bivariate probit, recursive bivariate probit regression models, it finds that individual�s human capabilities owing to better education and training and higher occupations of their head of the family significantly determine their probability of being employed in the non-farm sectors, which in turn help reduce their chance of being poor. The panel system generalized methods of moment result suggest that the provincial states of India, which have achieved higher level of non-farm sector NSDP growth along with the creation of jobs through an improved level of infrastructure (roads, railways, banking, and industries) base, have succeeded to reduce the incidence of rural poverty to substantially low levels. Based on these findings, it is argued that the incidence of rural poverty can be reduced on a sustainable basis through the development of rural manufacturing, and by promoting growth of modern service sectors like education, health, communication, real estate, and finance and insurance, along with the infrastructural development. � 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Indian Society of Labour Economics.
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    Employability and Earning Differentials Among Technically and Vocationally Trained Youth in India
    (Springer, 2020) Singh, S; Parida, J.K; Awasthi, I.C.
    Based on both NSS (1993�94, 1999�2000, 2004�05, and 2011�12 rounds) and PLFS (2017�18) data, this paper examines the employability and earning/wage differentials among vocationally and technically trained youth and explored its determinants in India. It is found that although the number of vocationally and technically trained youth increased during the last decade, their work force participation had declined substantially. We have also noted an upsurge in the open unemployment among these trained youth. The job market distress is being reflected by the large share of employment of these trained youth in agriculture and allied sectors or in the low paid and informal service sectors, and lack of employment opportunities in industries. Moreover, the prevalence of both stick floor (in case of female) and glass ceiling (in case of Backward Castes) effects in the vocational and technical labour market is the main reason for the existing wage differential by gender and caste groups in India. Based on these findings, it is suggested that reducing the labour market demand-supply gap through required job opportunities in industry is necessary. This would not only improve the employability of vocationally and technically trained youth, but also help reducing their existing wage differentials. � 2020, Indian Society of Labour Economics.