School Of Languages, Literature And Culture
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Item Towards an Eco-Poetic Vision of the Poetic Works of Agha Shahid Ali and Sylvia Plath: A Comparative Study(Central University of Punjab, 2019) Pala, Aadil Muzafar; Kaur, ZameerpalThe environmental problems became of supreme importance with the dawn of twenty first century. These issues which are faced by both biosphere and human life are flourishing at an alarming speed and are posing a threat to the life proportions upon the earth. There was a time when man was considered as having a close relationship with his surroundings and was nurtured and nourished by it, but with the passage of time man came under the influences of many newly introduced experiences and philosophies that altogether changed the vision of the civilisations towards anthropocentrism. Human being began to develop egotism which ultimately paved way for him to think himself as superior to the entire visible world and hence exploit it to meet his own ends. This new idea replaced man’s earlier thinking of being sentimental towards his survival without the presence of the nature. Nature by no means can be treated as a pleasure giving property to the human being rather it is the precondition for his very survival and prosperity. With the gradual growth of human civilisations on the earth the plundering and exploitation of the natural resources significantly increased by man’s selfglorification and self-indulgence by destroying the trees for his shelter and for iv industry, devastating the beautiful landscapes replacing them with the setting up of industrial establishments, roads, buildings etc. Ecocrticism is an approach to spread awareness and play a role to save the planet earth as it can be seen concerned with the relationships which show how the physical environment is dealt with in literature. It is a unique study which seems to project a natural science and a discipline based on humanistic approach. The present research work focuses on the theoretical framework of Ecocriticism considering its concepts like Ecopoetics and Ecopsychology and their application upon the poems of Agha Shahid Ali and Sylvia Plath. It further focuses on the narratives which explores the elements of nature and environment and the aspects of man nature relationship in the poetry of the selected poets. There can be seen an oriented quest where the ways emotions and feelings get an impact from the nature and vice-versa, the impact of culture on the nature which is seen proving helpful in creating the poetic stance.Item Ecocritical Study of Kalidasa’s Lyrics and Selected Poems of William Wordsworth(Central University of Punjab, 2018) Yeshpal; Kaur, ZameerpalThe present thesis is based on an Ecocritical analysis of the selected poems of Kalidasa and Wordsworth from a comparative perspective. The main focus of the thesis is to explore the ecological consciousness and aesthetics as manifested in the selected texts; further, the thesis endeavors to construct the organic relationship depicted between the natural world and human culture in both the poets. The thesis traces the evolution of Ecocriticism over the time; different issues of ecocriticism such as ecology, deep ecology, social ecology, romantic ecology, wilderness, and environmental aesthetics, are likewise investigated in the selected texts. The thesis through the study of the selected works of both the writers tries to show how both the writers envision an idealistic view of life which would empower humans to achieve maximum synchronization and interdependence with their natural or physical environment. Kalidasa represented the Hindu way of life in ancient India; his works mirror the socio-cultural milieu of the ancient India, and a system of shared moral and ethical values towards Nature can be gleaned from his works. In the poetry of Kalidasa, Nature is cherished with a profound spiritual passion; for him, Nature speaks to divine balance, divine music, and heavenly harmony. Kalidasa doesn’t merely use nature as an idealised setting for his works but endows it with living attributes and v a personality of its own. While Wordsworth may represent a cloud, Kalidasa sees the cloud in Meghaduta as having a fully developed consciousness; both the poets invalidate the idea of customary anthropocentrism and support ecocentrism. Wordsworth believes that man is a part of nature and nature is a holistic living organism; he believes in the equality of the natural and the human world, the former is not subservient to the latter. Wordsworth considers it indispensable to have an ethical attitude of humility and the reverence to reestablish the severed connections between humans and the natural habitat. Thus, both Kalidasa and Wordsworth can be seen as eco-spiritual poet-thinkers, remarkable for their ecological consciousness and aesthetics, and could be considered precursors of the present-day environmentalists, and ecologists.Item An Ecocritical reading of Kalidasa's Rtusamhara(International Journal of English Language, Literature and Humanities, 2015) Yeshpal; Chopra, Sayar SinghEcocriticism is the study of the relationship between literature and environment, it's included everything related to the human and nonhuman elements i.e. earth, water and sky houses, agriculture, caves, hills, plants, trees, oceans, seasons, animals, wind, ancient architecture, rocks, soil etc, are considered a beautiful gallery of portraits in ecocriticism. This research paper is based on an ecocritical study of Kalidasa's Rtusamhara. Kalidasa (who lived around 5th century AD.) is a representative of nature poet, his literary works are based on beauty of nature and environment. Therefore, this paper attempts to examine Kalidasa's Rtusamharafrom an ecocritical point of view.Item An ecological critique of Kalidasa's Meghaduta(Public Knowledge Project, 2015) YeshpalEcocriticism is the study of the relationship between literature and environment.An ecological study is deal with landscapes, plants, animals, and natural resources etc.In literary sphere, approach of ecocriticism focuses on contemporary environmental issues and its deal with human and non-human social life.This research paper is based on an environmental study in literature and reflectsthe consciousness of ecological aspect in the contemporary era through the analyses of Kalidasa?sMeghaduta.Its classical lyric poetry was written in Sanskrit in ancient time. This influential work is an example of richness reflects the skillfulness and expertise of Kalidasa. It brings into focus the contribution of Kalidasa to natural environment as Meghaduta. This literary text is based on an environment, andevery stanza is dealing with an ecological aspects. The paper tries to explore Kalidasa?s concept of ecology, with emphasis on the relationship between human society and the natural world.Ecology is closely relationship with to man and nature; it is necessary part of the world. Kalidasa?sMeghadutais also portrays many ecological concepts such as relationship between man and nature, social and culture aspects with environment and the ancient culture with the traditional roots. Therefore, this paper attempts to examine Kalidasa?sMeghdutafrom an ecological point of view.Item Environmental Consciousness and Poetry : An Ecocritical study of William Wordsworth and Bhai Vir Singh's Poems(IJELR, 2017) Singh, Sapinder; Kaur, ZameerpalEcocriticism is a newly emerged area of research in the literary field. It has a wide scope and approaches which make it a distinguished field of literary studies. Today, this field of literary criticism is not restricted to only English literature but rapidly burgeoning in other languages. In this research paper, I have analysed the poems of two different languages poets from ecocritical perspective. For this research, I have selected Famous English poet William Wordsworth and Punjab Poet Bhai Vir Singh. Bhai Vir Singh wrote his poem in Punjabi, but his poetry have been translated in English. Both the poets have their unique identity in their respective literature or even beyond it. A lot of research work have been conducted on William Wordsworth’s poetry, but comparative study with famous Punjabi poet Bhai Vir Singh has its own significance. Bhai Vir Singh has the same reputation in Punjabi literature as William Wordsworth has occupied in English literature. In this research paper, I have compared the selected poems of both the writers. The study period are 18th/ 19th century (Romantic) Britain and 20th/ 21th century (Modern) Punjab, the respective spacio- temporal and cultural spaces of the poet have been studied. The justification for the choice of William Wordsworth and Bhai Vir Singh’s poetry is informed by their unique poetic vision and techniques. Environmental discourse has become a contemporary treatise. The poems selected for this study are relevant and unique in their discourse. Both the poets selected for this study do not describe what they saw but they express their feeling and passion as a part of what they appreciate and describe.Item An Ecocritical Study Of Gita Mehta's A River Sutra And Arundati Roy'S The God Of Small Things(Central University of Punjab, 2014) Singh, Sapinder; Kaur, ZameerpalEcocriticism is one of the most recently emerged interdisciplinary field of literary criticism. It refers to a study of literary texts involving the physical environment. The novels, A River Sutra By Gita Mehta and The God of Small Things by Arundhati Roy, selected for this study, focus on the depiction of landscape, rivers, non human world etc. This study analyses the role of physical environment in the plot construction of both the novels. The novels deal with beautiful depiction of landscape. A River Sutra deals with Indian culture and mythology. Likewise, The God of Small Things deals with the themes of love, morality, fear and environmental destruction. The study discusses the functions of ecocriticism to trace the interconnectedness of all beings. Both the writers have focused on the impact of biosphere on the characters in their novels. The study reveals that the writers have indeed given primary importance to the place or bioregion in their novels. This study focuses on the burning issue of environmental degradation- a severe threat to human being as well the entire ecosystem, as depicted in the novels.Item Ecocentric vision in the works of J.M. Coetzee and AND Amitav Ghosh: A comparative study of life and times of MICHAEL K AND THE GLASS PALACE(Central University of Punjab, 2014) Singh, Jagmeet; Kaur, ZameerpalEnvironmental destruction has been a burning issue from the last few decades. The ego-centric attitude and rational thinking of man has led to the imbalance of the entire environment and its surroundings. The novels selected for this study, highlight the environmental concerns and expose human actions, technological advancement and industrial development responsible for the degradation of environment. Besides environmental degradation being a major issue of the The Glass Palace, the novel also deals with themes such as war, migration, exile, history, and colonial exploitation. Focusing on British invasion in Burma, Ghosh raises the question about nature's exploitation by the colonisers and local people in the form of teak and rubber trade and depicts the conflict between humans and the environment. He also portrays animal exploitation and killing of birds by humans for their personal needs. Likewise, Coetzee in his novel Life and Times of Michael K deals with the impact of war on human life, suffering of animals, loss of basic rights of humans and animals, oppression and degradation of environment. Ghosh primarily focuses on the exploitation of natural resources in Burma for trade, whereas, Coetzee describes the environmental destruction, loss of animal rights, and man's relation with nature during the civil war in South Africa. Both these writers try to delineate the oppression of man by man, environment by man, and reject the cruelty of man over animals for their greed. They are conscious for the non-human "other" and speak for their equal rights and protection as human beings themselves possess.Item Environmental and Ecocritical Concerns in Regional Poetry with Special Focus on Bhai Vir Singh`s Poetry(Asian Journal of Literature, Culture and Society, 2014) Kaur, Zameerpal; Kaur S.With the initiative taken by Cheryll Glotfelty, the new discipline and theory known as Ecocriticism came into existence. Ecocriticism tries to explore the relationship of literature with the natural world and further it examines the role that natural surroundings and environment play in the minds of the creative writers during their imagination and creative process. The present study is an attempt to focus on Bhai Vir Singh’s selected poetry in the theoretical framework of ecocriticism in order to shed light on the poet’s vigilant views about the relationship of human life and nature. Bhai Vir Singh is a renowned modern Punjabi poet and novelist. He is essentially a poet of nature and mysticism. His opinions towards nature support his position to be considered as a major representative of recent environmental issues and ecocritical concerns in Punjabi literature. He could also be called the father of modern Punjabi literature as he began to write in this language when nobody was interested in it. It was an era when people's thoughts were more influenced by Urdu and Persian. He gave Punjabi verse a sophistication and new expressions. He draws the attention of the lethargic and the inert towards the imperishable beauties of the universe. He sought objective correlatives from the world of nature, flowers, springs, and birds to invoke the invisible and abstract force which is active behind the external visible reality. He was the first one to use blank verse form in poetry and was the author of numerous novels, plays and poetry collections. In this paper, an attempt has been made to explore an integral relationship woven between nature and man through the pen of Bhai Vir Singh.Item Changing Landscape of Punjab: An Ecocritical Reading of Balbir Parwana's Select Fiction(Contemporary Literary Review India, 2016) Singh, AmandeepIn contemporary Punjabi fiction, Balbir Parwana holds an important place. In his novels, he tries to trace out the changes occurring in socio-cultural spheres of Punjabi society. Physical landscape of Punjab has transformed greatly after green revolution. In this paper, two novels of Balbir Parwana Gehar Charhi Asmaan (2010) and Katha is Yug di (2011) have been studied from the ecocritical point of view. These texts foreground the changes occurring in the natural spaces, and being one of the few contemporary texts that give so much thought to environmental degradation, these texts are a commendable effort to bring into focus the hitherto neglected and ecologically fragile region of Punjab.