Department Of Human Genetics And Molecular Medicine

Permanent URI for this communityhttps://kr.cup.edu.in/handle/32116/103

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Author: search.filters.author.Singh, Harsh Vikram

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    Genetic variations in tumor-suppressor miRNA-encoding genes and their target genes: focus on breast cancer development and possible therapeutic strategies
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023-04-24T00:00:00) Chhichholiya, Yogita; Singh, Harsh Vikram; Singh, Sandeep; Munshi, Anjana
    MicroRNAs (miRNAs) negatively affect gene expression by binding to their specific mRNAs resulting in either mRNA destruction or translational repression. The aberrant expression of various miRNAs has been associated with a number of human cancer. Oncogenic or tumor-suppressor miRNAs regulate a variety of pathways involved in the development of breast cancer (BC), including cell proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, cancer recurrence, and chemoresistance. Variations in miRNA-encoding genes and their target genes lead to dysregulated gene expression resulting in the development and progression of BC. The various therapeutic approaches to treat the disease include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, surgical removal, hormone therapy, chemotherapy, and targeted biological therapy. The purpose of the current review is to explore the genetic variations in tumor-suppressor miRNA-encoding genes and their target genes in association with the disease development and prognosis. The therapeutic interventions targeting the variants for better disease outcomes have also been discussed. � 2023, This is a U.S. Government work and not under copyright protection in the US; foreign copyright protection may apply.
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    Oncogenic metabolic reprogramming in breast cancer: focus on signaling pathways and mitochondrial genes
    (Springer, 2023-05-11T00:00:00) Malayil, Rhuthuparna; Chhichholiya, Yogita; Vasudeva, Kanika; Singh, Harsh Vikram; Singh, Tashvinder; Singh, Sandeep; Munshi, Anjana
    Oncogenic metabolic reprogramming impacts the abundance of key metabolites that regulate signaling and epigenetics. Metabolic vulnerability in the cancer cell is evident from the Warburg effect. The research on metabolism in the progression and survival of breast cancer (BC) is under focus. Oncogenic signal activation and loss of�tumor suppressor are important regulators of tumor cell metabolism. Several intrinsic and extrinsic factors contribute to metabolic reprogramming. The molecular mechanisms underpinning metabolic reprogramming in BC are extensive and only partially defined. Various signaling pathways involved in the metabolism play a significant role in the modulation of BC. Notably, PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, lactate-ERK/STAT3 signaling, loss of the tumor suppressor Ras, Myc, oxidative stress, activation of the cellular hypoxic response and acidosis contribute to different metabolic reprogramming phenotypes linked to enhanced glycolysis. The alterations in mitochondrial genes have also been elaborated upon along with their functional implications. The outcome of these active research areas might contribute to the development of novel therapeutic interventions and the remodeling of known�drugs. � 2023, This is a U.S. Government work and not under copyright protection in the US; foreign copyright protection may apply.
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    Comprehensive analysis of culture conditions governing differentiation of MSCs into articular chondrocytes
    (Newlands Press Ltd, 2023-05-18T00:00:00) Singh, Harsh Vikram; Das, Lakshmana; Malayil, Rhuthuparna; Singh, Tashvinder; Singh, Sandeep; Goyal, Tarun; Munshi, Anjana
    Treatment of osteoarthritic patients requires the development of morphologically and mechanically complex hyaline cartilage at the injury site. A tissue engineering approach toward differentiating mesenchymal stem cells into articular chondrocytes has been developed to overcome the drawbacks of conventional therapeutic and surgical procedures. To imitate the native micro and macro environment of articular chondrocytes, cell culture parameters such as oxygen concentration, mechanical stress, scaffold design, and growth factor signalling cascade regulation must be addressed. This review aims to illuminate the path toward developing tissue engineering approaches, accommodating these various parameters and the role these parameters play in regulating chondrogenesis for better articular cartilage development to treat osteoarthritis effectively. � 2023 Future Medicine Ltd.