Department Of Human Genetics And Molecular Medicine

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    Dietary patterns and fertility status in men: Mediterranean diet does make a difference in ameliorating the rise in male infertility problems due to changing lifestyle
    (NLM (Medline), 2023-03-12T00:00:00) Sehrawat, Nirmala; Sharma, Ujjawal; Yadav, Mukesh; Sharma, Varruchi; Dey, Abhijit; Emran, Talha B.; Sharma, Anil K.; Dhama, Kuldeep
    [No abstract available]
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    Wild-type p53 suppresses formin-binding protein-17 (FBP17) to reduce invasion
    (Oxford University Press, 2022-01-28T00:00:00) Suman, Prabhat; Mehta, Vikrant; Craig, Andrew W. B.; Chander, Harish
    Invading tumor cells develop membrane protruding structures called invadopodia to invade and metastasize. Previously, we have reported the role of formin-binding protein-17 (FBP17) in extracellular matrix degradation and invadopodia formation in breast cancer cells. Here, we report a novel axis between tumor-suppressor p53 and FBP17. We observed that cell lines with mutant p53 express FBP17 to a higher level. The expression of FBP17 was reduced upon stabilizing wild-type p53. Furthermore, the immunohistochemistry analysis of breast cancer tissue microarrays demonstrated the correlation between the accumulation of p53 and enhanced FBP17 staining in invasive ductal carcinomas. The double knockdown of p53 and FBP17 showed the contribution of FBP17 in the invasion of cancer cells where p53 lost the regulatory control over FBP17. Taken together, these studies indicate that FBP17 may be a marker to understand the invasion propensity of breast cancer. � 2022 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.
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    A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study to evaluate the causal role of reduced blood vitamin D levels with type 2 diabetes risk in South Asians and Europeans
    (BioMed Central Ltd, 2021-07-27T00:00:00) Bejar, Cynthia A.; Goyal, Shiwali; Afzal, Shoaib; Mangino, Massimo; Zhou, Ang; van der Most, Peter J.; Bao, Yanchun; Gupta, Vipin; Smart, Melissa C.; Walia, Gagandeep K.; Verweij, Niek; Power, Christine; Prabhakaran, Dorairaj; Singh, Jai Rup; Mehra, Narinder K.; Wander, Gurpreet S.; Ralhan, Sarju; Kinra, Sanjay; Kumari, Meena; de Borst, Martin H.; Hypp�nen, Elina; Spector, Tim D.; Nordestgaard, B�rge G.; Blackett, Piers R.; Sanghera, Dharambir K.
    Context: Multiple observational studies have reported aninverse relationship between 25-hydroxyvitaminD concentrations (25(OH)D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the results ofshort- and long-term interventional trials concerning the relationship between 25(OH)D and T2D risk have beeninconsistent. Objectives and methods: To evaluate the causal role of reduced blood25(OH)D in T2D, here we have performed a bidirectional Mendelian randomizationstudy using 59,890 individuals (5,862 T2D cases and 54,028 controls) fromEuropean and Asian Indian ancestries. We used six known SNPs, including threeT2D SNPs and three vitamin D pathway SNPs, as a genetic instrument to evaluatethe causality and direction of the association between T2D and circulating25(OH)D concentration. Results: Results of the combined meta-analysis of eightparticipating studies showed that a composite score of three T2D SNPs wouldsignificantly increase T2D risk by an odds ratio (OR) of 1.24, p = 1.82 � 10�32; Z score 11.86, which, however, hadno significant association with 25(OH)D status (Beta -0.02nmol/L � SE0.01nmol/L; p = 0.83; Z score -0.21). Likewise, the geneticallyinstrumented composite score of 25(OH)D lowering alleles significantlydecreased 25(OH)D concentrations (-2.1nmol/L � SE 0.1nmol/L,p = 7.92 � 10�78; Z score -18.68) but was notassociated with increased risk for T2D (OR 1.00, p = 0.12;Z score 1.54). However, using 25(OH)D synthesis SNP (DHCR7; rs12785878) as anindividual genetic instrument, a per allele reduction of 25(OH)D concentration(-4.2nmol/L � SE 0.3nmol/L)was predicted to increase T2D risk by 5%, p = 0.004;Z score 2.84. This effect, however, was not seen in other 25(OH)D SNPs (GCrs2282679, CYP2R1 rs12794714) when used as an individual instrument. Conclusion: Our new data on this bidirectional Mendelianrandomization study suggests that genetically instrumented T2D risk does notcause changes in 25(OH)D levels. However, genetically regulated 25(OH)Ddeficiency due to vitamin D synthesis gene (DHCR7) may influence the risk ofT2D. � 2021, The Author(s).
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    Measuring routine childhood vaccination coverage in 204 countries and territories, 1980�2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2020, Release 1
    (Elsevier B.V., 2021-07-21T00:00:00) Galles, Natalie C; Liu, Patrick Y; Updike, Rachel L; Fullman, Nancy; Nguyen, Jason; Rolfe, Sam; Sbarra, Alyssa N; Schipp, Megan F; Marks, Ashley; Abady, Gdiom Gebreheat; Abbas, Kaja M; Abbasi, Sumra Wajid; Abbastabar, Hedayat; Abd-Allah, Foad; Abdoli, Amir; Abolhassani, Hassan; Abosetugn, Akine Eshete; Adabi, Maryam; Adamu, Abdu A; Adetokunboh, Olatunji O; Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah; Advani, Shailesh M; Afzal, Saira; Aghamir, Seyed Mohammad Kazem; Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku; Ahmad, Sohail; Ahmad, Tauseef; Ahmadi, Sepideh; Ahmed, Haroon; Ahmed, Muktar Beshir; Ahmed Rashid, Tarik; Ahmed Salih, Yusra; Akalu, Yonas; Aklilu, Addis; Akunna, Chisom Joyqueenet; Al Hamad, Hanadi; Alahdab, Fares; Albano, Luciana; Alemayehu, Yosef; Alene, Kefyalew Addis; Al-Eyadhy, Ayman; Alhassan, Robert Kaba; Ali, Liaqat; Aljunid, Syed Mohamed; Almustanyir, Sami; Altirkawi, Khalid A; Alvis-Guzman, Nelson; Amu, Hubert; Andrei, Catalina Liliana; Andrei, Tudorel; Ansar, Adnan; Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza; Antonazzo, Ippazio Cosimo; Antony, Benny; Arabloo, Jalal; Arab-Zozani, Morteza; Artanti, Kurnia Dwi; Arulappan, Judie; Awan, Asma Tahir; Awoke, Mamaru Ayenew; Ayza, Muluken Altaye; Azarian, Ghasem; Azzam, Ahmed Y; B, Darshan B; Babar, Zaheer-Ud-Din; Balakrishnan, Senthilkumar; Banach, Maciej; Bante, Simachew Animen; B�rnighausen, Till Winfried; Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat; Barrow, Amadou; Bassat, Quique; Bayarmagnai, Narantuya; Bejarano Ramirez, Diana Fernanda; Bekuma, Tariku Tesfaye; Belay, Habtamu Gebrehana; Belgaumi, Uzma Iqbal; Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth; Bhandari, Dinesh; Bhardwaj, Nikha; Bhardwaj, Pankaj; Bhaskar, Sonu; Bhattacharyya, Krittika; Bibi, Sadia; Bijani, Ali; Biondi, Antonio; Boloor, Archith; Braithwaite, Dejana; Buonsenso, Danilo; Butt, Zahid A; Camargos, Paulo; Carreras, Giulia; Carvalho, Felix; Casta�eda-Orjuela, Carlos A; Chakinala, Raja Chandra; Charan, Jaykaran; Chatterjee, Souranshu; Chattu, Soosanna Kumary; Chattu, Vijay Kumar; Chowdhury, Fazle Rabbi; Christopher, Devasahayam J; Chu, Dinh-Toi; Chung, Sheng-Chia; Cortesi, Paolo Angelo; Costa, Vera Marisa; Couto, Rosa A S; Dadras, Omid; Dagnew, Amare Belachew; Dagnew, Baye; Dai, Xiaochen; Dandona, Lalit; Dandona, Rakhi; De Neve, Jan-Walter; Derbew Molla, Meseret; Derseh, Behailu Tariku; Desai, Rupak; Desta, Abebaw Alemayehu; Dhamnetiya, Deepak; Dhimal, Mandira Lamichhane; Dhimal, Meghnath; Dianatinasab, Mostafa; Diaz, Daniel; Djalalinia, Shirin; Dorostkar, Fariba; Edem, Bassey; Edinur, Hisham Atan; Eftekharzadeh, Sahar; El Sayed, Iman; El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa; Elhadi, Muhammed; El-Jaafary, Shaimaa I; Elsharkawy, Aisha; Enany, Shymaa; Erkhembayar, Ryenchindorj; Esezobor, Christopher Imokhuede; Eskandarieh, Sharareh; Ezeonwumelu, Ifeanyi Jude; Ezzikouri, Sayeh; Fares, Jawad; Faris, Pawan Sirwan; Feleke, Berhanu Elfu; Ferede, Tomas Y; Fernandes, Eduarda; Fernandes, Jo�o C; Ferrara, Pietro; Filip, Irina; Fischer, Florian; Francis, Mark Rohit; Fukumoto, Takeshi; Gad, Mohamed M; Gaidhane, Shilpa; Gallus, Silvano; Garg, Tushar; Geberemariyam, Biniyam Sahiledengle; Gebre, Teshome; Gebregiorgis, Birhan Gebresillassie; Gebremedhin, Ketema Bizuwork; Gebremichael, Berhe; Gessner, Bradford D; Ghadiri, Keyghobad; Ghafourifard, Mansour; Ghashghaee, Ahmad; Gilani, Syed Amir; Gl?van, Ionela-Roxana; Glushkova, Ekaterina Vladimirovna; Golechha, Mahaveer; Gonfa, Kebebe Bekele; Gopalani, Sameer Vali; Goudarzi, Houman; Gubari, Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen; Guo, Yuming; Gupta, Veer Bala; Gupta, Vivek Kumar; Guti�rrez, Reyna Alma; Haeuser, Emily; Halwani, Rabih; Hamidi, Samer; Hanif, Asif; Haque, Shafiul; Harapan, Harapan; Hargono, Arief; Hashi, Abdiwahab; Hassan, Shoaib; Hassanein, Mohamed H; Hassanipour, Soheil; Hassankhani, Hadi; Hay, Simon I; Hayat, Khezar; Hegazy, Mohamed I; Heidari, Golnaz; Hezam, Kamal; Holla, Ramesh; Hoque, Mohammad Enamul; Hosseini, Mostafa; Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi; Hostiuc, Mihaela; Househ, Mowafa; Hsieh, Vivian Chia-rong; Huang, Junjie; Humayun, Ayesha; Hussain, Rabia; Hussein, Nawfal R; Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel; Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen; Ilic, Irena M; Ilic, Milena D; Inamdar, Sumant; Iqbal, Usman; Irham, Lalu Muhammad; Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi; Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful; Ismail, Nahlah Elkudssiah; Itumalla, Ramaiah; Jha, Ravi Prakash; Joukar, Farahnaz; Kabir, Ali; Kabir, Zubair; Kalhor, Rohollah; Kamal, Zul; Kamande, Stanley M; Kandel, Himal; Karch, Andr�; Kassahun, Getinet; Kassebaum, Nicholas J; Katoto, Patrick DMC; Kelkay, Bayew; Kengne, Andre Pascal; Khader, Yousef Saleh; Khajuria, Himanshu; Khalil, Ibrahim A; Khan, Ejaz Ahmad; Khan, Gulfaraz; Khan, Junaid; Khan, Maseer Adnan; Khan, Moien AB; Khang, Young-Ho; Khoja, Abdullah T; Khubchandani, Jagdish; Kim, Gyu Ri; Kim, Min Seo; Kim, Yun Jin; Kimokoti, Ruth W; Kisa, Adnan; Kisa, Sezer; Korshunov, Vladimir Andreevich; Kosen, Soewarta; Kuate Defo, Barthelemy; Kulkarni, Vaman; Kumar, Avinash; Kumar, G Anil; Kumar, Nithin; Kwarteng, Alexander; La Vecchia, Carlo; Lami, Faris Hasan; Landires, Iv�n; Lasrado, Savita; Lassi, Zohra S; Lee, Hankil; Lee, Yeong Yeh; Levi, Miriam; Lewycka, Sonia; Li, Shanshan; Liu, Xuefeng; Lobo, Stany W; Lopukhov, Platon D; Lozano, Rafael; Lutzky Saute, Ricardo; Magdy Abd El Razek, Muhammed; Makki, Alaa; Malik, Ahmad Azam; Mansour-Ghanaei, Fariborz; Mansournia, Mohammad Ali; Mantovani, Lorenzo Giovanni; Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerl�ndio; Matthews, Philippa C; Medina, John Robert Carabeo; Mendoza, Walter; Menezes, Ritesh G; Mengesha, Endalkachew Worku; Meretoja, Tuomo J; Mersha, Amanual Getnet; Mesregah, Mohamed Kamal; Mestrovic, Tomislav; Miazgowski, Bartosz; Milne, George J; Mirica, Andreea; Mirrakhimov, Erkin M; Mirzaei, Hamid Reza; Misra, Sanjeev; Mithra, Prasanna; Moghadaszadeh, Masoud; Mohamed, Teroj Abdulrahman; Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin; Mohammad, Yousef; Mohammadi, Mokhtar; Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Abdollah; Mohammed, Arif; Mohammed, Shafiu; Mohapatra, Archisman; Mokdad, Ali H; Molokhia, Mariam; Monasta, Lorenzo; Moni, Mohammad Ali; Montasir, Ahmed Al; Moore, Catrin E; Moradi, Ghobad; Moradzadeh, Rahmatollah; Moraga, Paula; Mueller, Ulrich Otto; Munro, Sandra B; Naghavi, Mohsen; Naimzada, Mukhammad David; Naveed, Muhammad; Nayak, Biswa Prakash; Negoi, Ionut; Neupane Kandel, Sandhya; Nguyen, Trang Huyen; Nikbakhsh, Rajan; Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini; Nixon, Molly R; Nnaji, Chukwudi A; Noubiap, Jean Jacques; Nu�ez-Samudio, Virginia; Nwatah, Vincent Ebuka; Oancea, Bogdan; Ochir, Chimedsuren; Ogbo, Felix Akpojene; Olagunju, Andrew T; Olakunde, Babayemi Oluwaseun; Onwujekwe, Obinna E; Otstavnov, Nikita; Otstavnov, Stanislav S; Owolabi, Mayowa O; Padubidri, Jagadish Rao; Pakshir, Keyvan; Park, Eun-Cheol; Pashazadeh Kan, Fatemeh; Pathak, Mona; Paudel, Rajan; Pawar, Shrikant; Pereira, Jeevan; Peres, Mario F P; Perianayagam, Arokiasamy; Pinheiro, Marina; Pirestani, Majid; Podder, Vivek; Polibin, Roman V; Pollok, Richard Charles G; Postma, Maarten J; Pottoo, Faheem Hyder; Rabiee, Mohammad; Rabiee, Navid; Radfar, Amir; Rafiei, Alireza; Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa; Rahman, Mosiur; Rahmani, Amir Masoud; Rahmawaty, Setyaningrum; Rajesh, Aashish; Ramshaw, Rebecca E; Ranasinghe, Priyanga; Rao, Chythra R; Rao, Sowmya J; Rathi, Priya; Rawaf, David Laith; Rawaf, Salman; Renzaho, Andre M N; Rezaei, Negar; Rezai, Mohammad Sadegh; Rios-Blancas, Maria; Rogowski, Emma L B; Ronfani, Luca; Rwegerera, Godfrey M; Saad, Anas M; Sabour, Siamak; Saddik, Basema; Saeb, Mohammad Reza; Saeed, Umar; Sahebkar, Amirhossein; Sahraian, Mohammad Ali; Salam, Nasir; Salimzadeh, Hamideh; Samaei, Mehrnoosh; Samy, Abdallah M; Sanabria, Juan; Sanmarchi, Francesco; Santric-Milicevic, Milena M; Sartorius, Benn; Sarveazad, Arash; Sathian, Brijesh; Sawhney, Monika; Saxena, Deepak; Saxena, Sonia; Seidu, Abdul-Aziz; Seylani, Allen; Shaikh, Masood Ali; Shamsizadeh, Morteza; Shetty, Pavanchand H; Shigematsu, Mika; Shin, Jae Il; Sidemo, Negussie Boti; Singh, Ambrish; Singh, Jasvinder A; Sinha, Smriti; Skryabin, Valentin Yurievich; Skryabina, Anna Aleksandrovna; Soheili, Amin; Tadesse, Eyayou Girma; Tamiru, Animut Tagele; Tan, Ker-Kan; Tekalegn, Yohannes; Temsah, Mohamad-Hani; Thakur, Bhaskar; Thapar, Rekha; Thavamani, Aravind; Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan; Tohidinik, Hamid Reza; Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto; Traini, Eugenio; Tran, Bach Xuan; Tripathi, Manjari; Tsegaye, Berhan; Tsegaye, Gebiyaw Wudie; Ullah, Anayat; Ullah, Saif; Ullah, Sana; Unim, Brigid; Vacante, Marco; Velazquez, Diana Zuleika; Vo, Bay; Vollmer, Sebastian; Vu, Giang Thu; Vu, Linh Gia; Waheed, Yasir; Winkler, Andrea Sylvia; Wiysonge, Charles Shey; Yi?it, Vahit; Yirdaw, Birhanu Wubale; Yon, Dong Keon; Yonemoto, Naohiro; Yu, Chuanhua; Yuce, Deniz; Yunusa, Ismaeel; Zamani, Mohammad; Zamanian, Maryam; Zewdie, Dejene Tesfaye; Zhang, Zhi-Jiang; Zhong, Chenwen; Zumla, Alimuddin; Murray, Christopher J L; Lim, Stephen S; Mosser, Jonathan F; Nguyen, J.; Marks, A.; Dandona, L.; Dandona, R.; Kassebaum, N.J.; Naghavi, M.; Nixon, M.R.; Murray, C.J.L.; Lim, S.S.; Mosser, J.F.; Dandona, R.; Hay, S.I.; Kassebaum, N.J.; Naghavi, M.; Murray, C.J.L.; Lim, S.S.; Kassebaum, N.J.; Khalil, I.A.; Katoto, P.D.; Ali, L.; Ullah, A.; Hosseini, M.; Moradi, G.; Elsharkawy, A.; Abolhassani, H.; Nnaji, C.A.; Ahmad, S.; Ahmad, T.; Dagnew, A.B.; Sabour, S.; Ahmed, H.; Ahmed, M.B.; Saxena, D.; Dagnew, B.; Desta, A.A.; Tamiru, A.T.; Mersha, A.G.; Aklilu, A.; Alemayehu, Y.; Sathian, B.; Albano, L.; Al-Eyadhy, A.; Altirkawi, K.A.; Temsah, M.; Mohammad, Y.; Alhassan, R.K.; Amu, H.; Aljunid, S.M.; Aljunid, S.M.; Andrei, C.; Hostiuc, M.; Negoi, I.; Andrei, T.; Gl?van, I.; Mirica, A.; Ansar, A.; Antonazzo, I.; Ferrara, P.; Cortesi, P.A.; Mantovani, L.G.; Chowdhury, F.R.; Singh Mtech, A.; Arabloo, J.; Ghashghaee, A.; Ghashghaee, A.; Sarveazad, A.; Artanti, K.D.; Awan, A.T.; Rathi, P.; Babar, Z.; Gebremichael, B.; Zamani, M.; Barrow, A.; Barrow, A.; Tadesse, E.G.; Hosseini, M.; Bassat, Q.; Kulkarni, V.; Kumar, N.; Mithra, P.; Saxena, D.; Ilesanmi, O.S.; Belgaumi, U.I.; Lassi, Z.S.; Shin, J.; Misra, S.; Bhattacharyya, K.; Bhattacharyya, K.; Bibi, S.; Ullah, S.; Boloor, A.; Owolabi, M.O.; Sinha, S.; Braithwaite, D.; Braithwaite, D.; Buonsenso, D.; Buonsenso, D.; Awan, A.T.; Mengesha, E.W.; Tsegaye, G.W.; De Neve, J.; Pottoo, F.H.; Camargos, P.; Couto, R.A.S.; Pinheiro, M.; Chakinala, R.; Chatterjee, S.; Chattu, S.; Chattu, V.; Chattu, V.; Bill, I.; Chu, D.; Chung, S.; Chung, S.; Dandona, L.; Dandona, R.; Ansar, A.; Kumar, G.; Dandona, L.; Desai, R.; Dhimal, M.L.; Dhimal, M.L.; Dhimal, M.; Diaz, D.; Diaz, D.; Velazquez, D.Z.; Eftekharzadeh, S.; El Sayed, I.; El Sayed Zaki, M.; Elhadi, M.; Enany, S.; Erkhembayar, R.; Esezobor, C.I.; Olagunju, A.T.; Esezobor, C.I.; Fares, J.; Faris, P.S.; Faris, P.S.; Tsegaye, B.; Filip, I.; Filip, I.; Fischer, F.; Francis, M.R.; Francis, M.R.; Fukumoto, T.; Gad, M.M.; Hassanein, M.H.; Liu, X.; Saad, A.M.; Gad, M.M.; Garg, T.; Tekalegn, Y.; Mohammed, S.; Gebre, T.; Gebremedhin, K.B.; Gessner, B.D.; Gessner, B.D.; Ghadiri, K.; Ghadiri, K.; Ghafourifard, M.; Moghadaszadeh, M.; Gilani, S.; Malik, A.A.; Gilani, S.; Glushkova, E.V.; Korshunov, V.A.; Lopukhov, P.D.; Golechha, M.; Gopalani, S.V.; Gopalani, S.V.; Goudarzi, H.; Ahmed, M.B.; Goudarzi, H.; Gubari, M.I.M.; Guo, Y.; Li, S.; Guo, Y.; Gupta, V.; Gupta, V.K.; Guti�rrez, R.A.; Hargono Dr, A.; Hassan, S.; Hassan, S.; Hassanipour, S.; Hayat, K.; Hayat, K.; Heidari, G.; Islam, S.; Hsieh, V.; Huang, J.; Zhong, C.; Humayun, A.; Hussain, R.; Hussein, N.R.; Ibitoye, S.E.; Ilesanmi, O.S.; Makki, A.; Noubiap, J.; Santric-Milicevic, M.M.; Santric-Milicevic, M.M.; Inamdar, S.; Iqbal, U.; Irham, L.M.; Ningrum, D.N.A.; Irvani, S.N.; Islam, S.; Kalhor, R.; Kalhor, R.; Kamal, Z.; Kamal, Z.; Karch, A.; Katoto, P.D.; Nnaji, C.A.; Khan, J.; Khoja, A.T.; Khubchandani, J.; Khoja, A.T.; Kim, G.; Kim, M.; Kim, M.; Kim, Y.; Kimokoti, R.W.; Kosen, S.; Kumar, A.; Kwarteng, A.; La Vecchia, C.; Landires, I.; Nu�ez-Samudio, V.; Nu�ez-Samudio, V.; Landires, I.; Lasrado, S.; Levi, M.; Levi, M.; Matthews, P.C.; Moore, C.E.; Liu, X.; Sanabria, J.; Lobo, S.W.; Lobo, S.W.; Malik, A.A.; Mantovani, L.G.; Matthews, P.C.; Medina, J.C.; Medina, J.C.; Mendoza, W.; Menezes, R.G.; Meretoja, T.J.; Meretoja, T.J.; Meretoja, T.J.; Mersha, A.G.; Mesregah, M.K.; Mestrovic, T.; Mestrovic, T.; Milne, G.J.; Mohammad, K.A.; Mohammadi, M.; Mohammed, A.; Mohammed, S.; Mohapatra, A.; Molokhia, M.; Traini, E.; Moradi, G.; Mirzaei, H.; Zamanian, M.; Moraga, P.; Mueller, U.O.; Mueller, U.O.; Munro, S.B.; Naimzada, M.; Naveed, M.; Negoi, I.; Nguyen, T.H.; Vu, L.G.; Nguyen, T.H.; Vu, L.G.; Ningrum, D.N.A.; Ogbo, F.A.; Olagunju, A.T.; Olakunde, B.O.; Onwujekwe, O.E.; Pathak, M.; Pawar, S.; Pereira, J.; Peres, M.F.P.; Peres, M.F.P.; Pirestani, M.; Pollok, R.C.G.; Postma, M.J.; Postma, M.J.; Rabiee, M.; Rezai, M.; Rahman, M.; Rahmawaty, S.; Rajesh, A.; Ranasinghe, P.; Rawaf, D.L.; Rawaf, S.; Rawaf, D.L.; Rawaf, S.; Rwegerera, G.M.; Saeb, M.; Saeed, U.; Saeed, U.; Salam, N.; Samaei, M.; Sanabria, J.; Sanmarchi, F.; Sathian, B.; Sawhney, M.; Seidu, A.; Seidu, A.; Shaikh, M.A.; Shigematsu, M.; Soheili, A.; Tan, K.; Thakur, B.; Traini, E.; Tripathi, M.; Ullah, S.; Ullah, S.; Vo, B.; Vu, G.T.; Winkler, A.S.; Winkler, A.S.; Yu, C.; Yuce, D.
    Background: Measuring routine childhood vaccination is crucial to inform global vaccine policies and programme implementation, and to track progress towards targets set by the Global Vaccine Action Plan (GVAP) and Immunization Agenda 2030. Robust estimates of routine vaccine coverage are needed to identify past successes and persistent vulnerabilities. Drawing from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2020, Release 1, we did a systematic analysis of global, regional, and national vaccine coverage trends using a statistical framework, by vaccine and over time. Methods: For this analysis we collated 55 326 country-specific, cohort-specific, year-specific, vaccine-specific, and dose-specific observations of routine childhood vaccination coverage between 1980 and 2019. Using spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression, we produced location-specific and year-specific estimates of 11 routine childhood vaccine coverage indicators for 204 countries and territories from 1980 to 2019, adjusting for biases in country-reported data and reflecting reported stockouts and supply disruptions. We analysed global and regional trends in coverage and numbers of zero-dose children (defined as those who never received a diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis [DTP] vaccine dose), progress towards GVAP targets, and the relationship between vaccine coverage and sociodemographic development. Findings: By 2019, global coverage of third-dose DTP (DTP3; 81�6% [95% uncertainty interval 80�4�82�7]) more than doubled from levels estimated in 1980 (39�9% [37�5�42�1]), as did global coverage of the first-dose measles-containing vaccine (MCV1; from 38�5% [35�4�41�3] in 1980 to 83�6% [82�3�84�8] in 2019). Third-dose polio vaccine (Pol3) coverage also increased, from 42�6% (41�4�44�1) in 1980 to 79�8% (78�4�81�1) in 2019, and global coverage of newer vaccines increased rapidly between 2000 and 2019. The global number of zero-dose children fell by nearly 75% between 1980 and 2019, from 56�8 million (52�6�60�9) to 14�5 million (13�4�15�9). However, over the past decade, global vaccine coverage broadly plateaued; 94 countries and territories recorded decreasing DTP3 coverage since 2010. Only 11 countries and territories were estimated to have reached the national GVAP target of at least 90% coverage for all assessed vaccines in 2019. Interpretation: After achieving large gains in childhood vaccine coverage worldwide, in much of the world this progress was stalled or reversed from 2010 to 2019. These findings underscore the importance of revisiting routine immunisation strategies and programmatic approaches, recentring service delivery around equity and underserved populations. Strengthening vaccine data and monitoring systems is crucial to these pursuits, now and through to 2030, to ensure that all children have access to, and can benefit from, lifesaving vaccines. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. � 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license
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    Mechanisms of Anti-Tumor Activity of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha)
    (Routledge, 2020-06-17T00:00:00) Mehta, Vikrant; Chander, Harish; Munshi, Anjana
    Increasing herbal formulations have been used to treat several diseases including cancer. W. somnifera (Ashwagandha) is one such plant the extracts of which have been tested against a number of ailments including cancer, which remains as one of the most dreadful diseases on the globe. The ever-increasing number of cancer related mortality demands the development of novel chemopreventive agents with minimum side effects. Different compounds isolated from various parts of the plant like root, stem, and leaves have been reported to display significant anti-cancerous and immunomodulating properties and thus can be used alone or in combination with other chemotherapeutic drugs for cancer treatment. Through this review, we highlight the importance of W. somnifera in countering the potential oncogenic signaling mediators that are modulated by active constituents of W. somnifera in a variety of cancer types. Further, we hope that active constituents of W. somnifera will be tested in clinical trials so that they can be used as an important adjuvant in the near future for the effective treatment of cancer. � 2020 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
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    Global, regional, and national burden of diabetes from 1990 to 2021, with projections of prevalence to 2050: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
    (Elsevier B.V., 2023-06-23T00:00:00) Ong, Kanyin Liane; Stafford, Lauryn K.; McLaughlin, Susan A.; Boyko, Edward J.; Vollset, Stein Emil; Smith, Amanda E.; Dalton, Bronte E.; Duprey, Joe; Cruz, Jessica A.; Hagins, Hailey; Lindstedt, Paulina A.; Aali, Amirali; Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis; Abate, Melsew Dagne; Abbasian, Mohammadreza; Abbasi-Kangevari, Zeinab; Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen; ElHafeez, Samar Abd; Abd-Rabu, Rami; Abdulah, Deldar Morad; Abdullah, Abu Yousuf Md; Abedi, Vida; Abidi, Hassan; Aboagye, Richard Gyan; Abolhassani, Hassan; Abu-Gharbieh, Eman; Abu-Zaid, Ahmed; Adane, Tigist Demssew; Adane, Denberu Eshetie; Addo, Isaac Yeboah; Adegboye, Oyelola A.; Adekanmbi, Victor; Adepoju, Abiola Victor; Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah; Afolabi, Rotimi Felix; Agarwal, Gina; Aghdam, Zahra Babaei; Agudelo-Botero, Marcela; Arriagada, Constanza Elizabeth Aguilera; Agyemang-Duah, Williams; Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku; Ahmad, Danish; Ahmad, Rizwan; Ahmad, Sajjad; Ahmad, Aqeel; Ahmadi, Ali; Ahmadi, Keivan; Ahmed, Ayman; Ahmed, Ali; Ahmed, Luai A.; Ahmed, Syed Anees; Ajami, Marjan; Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola; Al Hamad, Hanadi; Al Hasan, Syed Mahfuz; AL-Ahdal, Tareq Mohammed Ali; Alalwan, Tariq A.; Al-Aly, Ziyad; AlBataineh, Mohammad T.; Alcalde-Rabanal, Jacqueline Elizabeth; Alemi, Sharifullah; Ali, Hassam; Alinia, Tahereh; Aljunid, Syed Mohamed; Almustanyir, Sami; Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M.; Alvis-Guzman, Nelson; Amare, Firehiwot; Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena; Amiri, Sohrab; Amusa, Ganiyu Adeniyi; Andrei, Catalina Liliana; Anjana, Ranjit Mohan; Ansar, Adnan; Ansari, Golnoosh; Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza; Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward; Arabloo, Jalal; Aravkin, Aleksandr Y.; Areda, Demelash; Arifin, Hidayat; Arkew, Mesay; Armocida, Benedetta; Arnlov, Johan; Artamonov, Anton A.; Arulappan, Judie; Aruleba, Raphael Taiwo; Arumugam, Ashokan; Aryan, Zahra; Asemu, Mulu Tiruneh; Asghari-Jafarabadi, Mohammad; Askari, Elaheh; Asmelash, Daniel; Astell-Burt, Thomas; Athar, Mohammad; Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin; Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi; Avila-Burgos, Leticia; Awaisu, Ahmed; Azadnajafabad, Sina; Darshan, B.B.; Babamohamadi, Hassan; Badar, Muhammad; Badawi, Alaa; Badiye, Ashish D.; Baghcheghi, Nayereh; Bagheri, Nasser; Bagherieh, Sara; Bah, Sulaiman; Bahadory, Saeed; Bai, Ruhai; Baig, Atif Amin; Baltatu, Ovidiu Constantin; Baradaran, Hamid Reza; Barchitta, Martina; Bardhan, Mainak; Barengo, Noel C.; Barnighausen, Till Winfried; Barone, Mark Thomaz Ugliara; Barone-Adesi, Francesco; Barrow, Amadou; Bashiri, Hamideh; Basiru, Afisu; Basu, Sanjay; Basu, Saurav; Batiha, Abdul-Monim Mohammad; Batra, Kavita; Bayih, Mulat Tirfie; Bayileyegn, Nebiyou Simegnew; Behnoush, Amir Hossein; Bekele, Alehegn Bekele; Belete, Melaku Ashagrie; Belgaumi, Uzma Iqbal; Belo, Luis; Bennett, Derrick A.; Bensenor, Isabela M.; Berhe, Kidanemaryam; Berhie, Alemshet Yirga; Bhaskar, Sonu; Bhat, Ajay Nagesh; Bhatti, Jasvinder Singh; Bikbov, Boris; Bilal, Faiq; Bintoro, Bagas Suryo; Bitaraf, Saeid; Bitra, Veera R.; Bjegovic-Mikanovic, Vesna; Bodolica, Virginia; Boloor, Archith; Brauer, Michael; Brazo-Sayavera, Javier; Brenner, Hermann; Butt, Zahid A.; Calina, Daniela; Campos, Luciana Aparecida; Campos-Nonato, Ismael R.; Cao, Yin; Cao, Chao; Car, Josip; Carvalho, Marcia; Castaneda-Orjuela, Carlos A.; Catala-Lopez, Ferran; Cerin, Ester; Chadwick, Joshua; Chandrasekar, Eeshwar K.; Chanie, Gashaw Sisay; Charan, Jaykaran; Chattu, Vijay Kumar; Chauhan, Kirti; Cheema, Huzaifa Ahmad; Abebe, Endeshaw Chekol; Chen, Simiao; Cherbuin, Nicolas; Chichagi, Fatemeh; Chidambaram, Saravana Babu; Cho, William C. S.; Choudhari, Sonali Gajanan; Chowdhury, Rajiv; Chowdhury, Enayet Karim; Chu, Dinh-Toi; Chukwu, Isaac Sunday; Chung, Sheng-Chia; Coberly, Kaleb; Columbus, Alyssa; Contreras, Daniela; Cousin, Ewerton; Criqui, Michael H.; Cruz-Martins, Natalia; Cuschieri, Sarah; Dabo, Bashir; Dadras, Omid; Dai, Xiaochen; Damasceno, Albertino Antonio Moura; Dandona, Rakhi; Dandona, Lalit; Das, Saswati; Dascalu, Ana Maria; Dash, Nihar Ranjan; Dashti, Mohsen; Davila-Cervantes, Claudio Alberto; De la Cruz-Gongora, Vanessa; Debele, Gebiso Roba; Delpasand, Kourosh; Demisse, Fitsum Wolde; Demissie, Getu Debalkie; Deng, Xinlei; Denova-Gutierrez, Edgar; Deo, Salil V.; Dervi�evi?, Emina; Desai, Hardik Dineshbhai; Desale, Aragaw Tesfaw; Dessie, Anteneh Mengist; Desta, Fikreab; Dewan, Syed Masudur Rahman; Dey, Sourav; Dhama, Kuldeep; Dhimal, Meghnath; Diao, Nancy; Diaz, Daniel; Dinu, Monica; Diress, Mengistie; Djalalinia, Shirin; Doan, Linh Phuong; Dongarwar, Deepa; dos Santos Figueiredo, Francisco Winter; Duncan, Bruce B.; Dutta, Siddhartha; Dziedzic, Arkadiusz Marian; Edinur, Hisham Atan; Ekholuenetale, Michael; Ekundayo, Temitope Cyrus; Elgendy, Islam Y.; Elhadi, Muhammed; El-Huneidi, Waseem; Elmeligy, Omar Abdelsadek Abdou; Elmonem, Mohamed A.; Endeshaw, Destaw; Esayas, Hawi Leul; Eshetu, Habitu Birhan; Etaee, Farshid; Fadhil, Ibtihal; Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi Francis; Fahim, Ayesha; Falahi, Shahab; Faris, MoezAlIslam Ezzat Mahmoud; Farrokhpour, Hossein; Farzadfar, Farshad; Fatehizadeh, Ali; Fazli, Ghazal; Feng, Xiaoqi; Ferede, Tomas Y.; Fischer, Florian; Flood, David; Forouhari, Ali; Foroumadi, Roham; Koudehi, Masoumeh Foroutan; Gaidhane, Abhay Motiramji; Gaihre, Santosh; Gaipov, Abduzhappar; Galali, Yaseen; Ganesan, Balasankar; Garcia-Gordillo, M.A.; Gautam, Rupesh K.; Gebrehiwot, Mesfin; Gebrekidan, Kahsu Gebrekirstos; Gebremeskel, Teferi Gebru; Getacher, Lemma; Ghadirian, Fataneh; Ghamari, Seyyed-Hadi; Nour, Mohammad Ghasemi; Ghassemi, Fariba; Golechha, Mahaveer; Goleij, Pouya; Golinelli, Davide; Gopalani, Sameer Vali; Guadie, Habtamu Alganeh; Guan, Shi-Yang; Gudayu, Temesgen Worku; Guimaraes, Rafael Alves; Guled, Rashid Abdi; Gupta, Rajeev; Gupta, Kartik; Gupta, Veer Bala; Gupta, Vivek Kumar; Gyawali, Bishal; Haddadi, Rasool; Hadi, Najah R.; Haile, Teklehaimanot Gereziher; Hajibeygi, Ramtin; Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin; Halwani, Rabih; Hamidi, Samer; Hankey, Graeme J.; Hannan, Md Abdul; Haque, Shafiul; Harandi, Hamid; Harlianto, Netanja I.; Mahmudul Hasan, S.M.; Hasan, Syed Shahzad; Hasani, Hamidreza; Hassanipour, Soheil; Hassen, Mohammed Bheser; Haubold, Johannes; Hayat, Khezar; Heidari, Golnaz; Heidari, Mohammad; Hessami, Kamran; Hiraike, Yuta; Holla, Ramesh; Hossain, Sahadat; Hossain, Md Shakhaoat; Hosseini, Mohammad-Salar; Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi; Hosseinzadeh, Hassan; Huang, Junjie; Huda, Md Nazmul; Hussain, Salman; Huynh, Hong-Han; Hwang, Bing-Fang; Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel; Ikeda, Nayu; Ilic, Irena M.; Ilic, Milena D.; Inbaraj, Leeberk Raja; Iqbal, Afrin; Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful; Islam, Rakibul M.; Ismail, Nahlah Elkudssiah; Iso, Hiroyasu; Isola, Gaetano; Itumalla, Ramaiah; Iwagami, Masao; Iwu, Chidozie C. D.; Iyamu, Ihoghosa Osamuyi; Iyasu, Assefa N.; Jacob, Louis; Jafarzadeh, Abdollah; Jahrami, Haitham; Jain, Rajesh; Jaja, Chinwe; Jamalpoor, Zahra; Jamshidi, Elham; Janakiraman, Balamurugan; Jayanna, Krishnamurthy; Jayapal, Sathish Kumar; Jayaram, Shubha; Jayawardena, Ranil; Jebai, Rime; Jeong, Wonjeong; Jin, Yinzi; Jokar, Mohammad; Jonas, Jost B.; Joseph, Nitin; Joseph, Abel; Joshua, Charity Ehimwenma; Joukar, Farahnaz; Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy; Kaambwa, Billingsley; Kabir, Ali; Kabthymer, Robel Hussen; Kadashetti, Vidya; Kahe, Farima; Kalhor, Rohollah; Kandel, Himal; Karanth, Shama D.; Karaye, Ibraheem M.; Karkhah, Samad; Katoto, Patrick D. M. C.; Kaur, Navjot; Kazemian, Sina; Kebede, Sewnet Adem; Khader, Yousef Saleh; Khajuria, Himanshu; Khalaji, Amirmohammad; Khan, Moien A. B.; Khan, Maseer; Khan, Ajmal; Khanal, Saval; Khatatbeh, Moawiah Mohammad; Khater, Amir M.; Khateri, Sorour; Khorashadizadeh, Fatemeh; Khubchandani, Jagdish; Kibret, Biruk Getahun; Kim, Min Seo; Kimokoti, Ruth W.; Kisa, Adnan; Kivimaki, Mika; Kolahi, Ali-Asghar; Komaki, Somayeh; Kompani, Farzad; Koohestani, Hamid Reza; Korzh, Oleksii; Kostev, Karel; Kothari, Nikhil; Koyanagi, Ai; Krishan, Kewal; Krishnamoorthy, Yuvaraj; Defo, Barthelemy Kuate; Kuddus, Mohammed; Kuddus, Md Abdul; Kumar, Rakesh; Kumar, Harish; Kundu, Satyajit; Kurniasari, Maria Dyah; Kuttikkattu, Ambily; Vecchia, Carlo La; Lallukka, Tea; Larijani, Bagher; Larsson, Anders O.; Latief, Kamaluddin; Lawal, Basira Kankia; Le, Thao Thi Thu; Le, Trang Thi Bich; Lee, Shaun Wen Huey; Lee, Munjae; Lee, Wei-Chen; Lee, Paul H.; Lee, Sang-Woong; Lee, Seung Won; Legesse, Samson Mideksa; Lenzi, Jacopo; Li, Yongze; Li, Ming-Chieh; Lim, Stephen S.; Lim, Lee-Ling; Liu, Xuefeng; Liu, Chaojie; Lo, Chun-Han; Lopes, Graciliana; Lorkowski, Stefan; Lozano, Rafael; Lucchetti, Giancarlo; Maghazachi, Azzam A.; Mahasha, Phetole Walter; Mahjoub, Soleiman; Mahmoud, Mansour Adam; Mahmoudi, Razzagh; Mahmoudimanesh, Marzieh; Mai, Anh Tuan; Majeed, Azeem; Sanaye, Pantea Majma; Makris, Konstantinos Christos; Malhotra, Kashish; Malik, Ahmad Azam; Malik, Iram; Mallhi, Tauqeer Hussain; Malta, Deborah Carvalho; Mamun, Abdullah A.; Mansouri, Borhan; Marateb, Hamid Reza; Mardi, Parham; Martini, Santi; Martorell, Miquel; Marzo, Roy Rillera; Masoudi, Reza; Masoudi, Sahar; Mathews, Elezebeth; Maugeri, Andrea; Mazzaglia, Giampiero; Mekonnen, Teferi; Meshkat, Mahboobeh; Mestrovic, Tomislav; Jonasson, Junmei Miao; Miazgowski, Tomasz; Michalek, Irmina Maria; Minh, Le Huu Nhat; Mini, G.K.; Miranda, J. Jaime; Mirfakhraie, Reza; Mirrakhimov, Erkin M.; Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari, Mohammad; Misganaw, Awoke; Misgina, Kebede Haile; Mishra, Manish; Moazen, Babak; Mohamed, Nouh Saad; Mohammadi, Esmaeil; Mohammadi, Mohsen; Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Abdollah; Mohammadshahi, Marita; Mohseni, Alireza; Mojiri-Forushani, Hoda; Mokdad, Ali H.; Momtazmanesh, Sara; Monasta, Lorenzo; Moniruzzaman, Md; Mons, Ute; Montazeri, Fateme; Ghalibaf, AmirAli Moodi; Moradi, Yousef; Moradi, Maryam; Sarabi, Mostafa Moradi; Morovatdar, Negar; Morrison, Shane Douglas; Morze, Jakub; Mossialos, Elias; Mostafavi, Ebrahim; Mueller, Ulrich Otto; Mulita, Francesk; Mulita, Admir; Murillo-Zamora, Efren; Musa, Kamarul Imran; Mwita, Julius C.; Nagaraju, Shankar Prasad; Naghavi, Mohsen; Nainu, Firzan; Nair, Tapas Sadasivan; Najmuldeen, Hastyar Hama Rashid; Nangia, Vinay; Nargus, Shumaila; Naser, Abdallah Y.; Nassereldine, Hasan; Natto, Zuhair S.; Nauman, Javaid; Nayak, Biswa Prakash; Ndejjo, Rawlance; Negash, Hadush; Negoi, Ruxandra Irina; Nguyen, Hau Thi Hien; Nguyen, Dang H.; Nguyen, Phat Tuan; Nguyen, Van Thanh; Nguyen, Hien Quang; Niazi, Robina Khan; Nigatu, Yeshambel T.; Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini; Nizam, Muhammad A.; Nnyanzi, Lawrence Achilles; Noreen, Mamoona; Noubiap, Jean Jacques; Nzoputam, Ogochukwu Janet; Nzoputam, Chimezie Igwegbe; Oancea, Bogdan; Odogwu, Nkechi Martina; Odukoya, Oluwakemi Ololade; Ojha, Vivek Anand; Okati-Aliabad, Hassan; Okekunle, Akinkunmi Paul; Okonji, Osaretin Christabel; Okwute, Patrick Godwin; Olufadewa, Isaac Iyinoluwa; Onwujekwe, Obinna E.; Ordak, Michal; Ortiz, Alberto; Osuagwu, Uchechukwu Levi; Oulhaj, Abderrahim; Owolabi, Mayowa O.; Padron-Monedero, Alicia; Padubidri, Jagadish Rao; Palladino, Raffaele; Panagiotakos, Demosthenes; Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra; Pandey, Ashok; Pandey, Anamika; Pandi-Perumal, Seithikurippu R.; Stoian, Anca Mihaela Pantea; Pardhan, Shahina; Parekh, Tarang; Parekh, Utsav; Pasovic, Maja; Patel, Jay; Patel, Jenil R.; Paudel, Uttam; Pepito, Veincent Christian Filipino; Pereira, Marcos; Perico, Norberto; Perna, Simone; Petcu, Ionela-Roxana; Petermann-Rocha, Fanny Emily; Podder, Vivek; Postma, Maarten J.; Pourali, Ghazaleh; Pourtaheri, Naeimeh; Prates, Elton Junio Sady; Qadir, Mirza Muhammad Fahd; Qattea, Ibrahim; Raee, Pourya; Rafique, Ibrar; Rahimi, Mehran; Rahimifard, Mahban; Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa; Rahman, Md Obaidur; Rahman, Muhammad Aziz; Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur; Rahman, Mosiur; Rahman, Md Mosfequr; Rahmani, Mohamed; Rahmani, Shayan; Rahmanian, Vahid; Rahmawaty, Setyaningrum; Rahnavard, Niloufar; Rajbhandari, Bibek; Ram, Pradhum; Ramazanu, Sheena; Rana, Juwel; Rancic, Nemanja; Ranjha, Muhammad Modassar Ali Nawaz; Rao, Chythra R.; Rapaka, Deepthi; Rasali, Drona Prakash; Rashedi, Sina; Rashedi, Vahid; Rashid, Ahmed Mustafa; Rashidi, Mohammad-Mahdi; Ratan, Zubair Ahmed; Rawaf, Salman; Rawal, Lal; Redwan, Elrashdy Moustafa Mohamed; Remuzzi, Giuseppe; Rengasamy, Kannan R. 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    Background: Diabetes is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide, and affects people regardless of country, age group, or sex. Using the most recent evidentiary and analytical framework from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD), we produced location-specific, age-specific, and sex-specific estimates of diabetes prevalence and burden from 1990 to 2021, the proportion of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in 2021, the proportion of the type 2 diabetes burden attributable to selected risk factors, and projections of diabetes prevalence through 2050. Methods: Estimates of diabetes prevalence and burden were computed in 204 countries and territories, across 25 age groups, for males and females separately and combined; these estimates comprised lost years of healthy life, measured in disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs; defined as the sum of years of life lost [YLLs] and years lived with disability [YLDs]). We used the Cause of Death Ensemble model (CODEm) approach to estimate deaths due to diabetes, incorporating 25 666 location-years of data from vital registration and verbal autopsy reports in separate total (including both type 1 and type 2 diabetes) and type-specific models. Other forms of diabetes, including gestational and monogenic diabetes, were not explicitly modelled. Total and type 1 diabetes prevalence was estimated by use of a Bayesian meta-regression modelling tool, DisMod-MR 2.1, to analyse 1527 location-years of data from the scientific literature, survey microdata, and insurance claims; type 2 diabetes estimates were computed by subtracting type 1 diabetes from total estimates. Mortality and prevalence estimates, along with standard life expectancy and disability weights, were used to calculate YLLs, YLDs, and DALYs. When appropriate, we extrapolated estimates to a hypothetical population with a standardised age structure to allow comparison in populations with different age structures. We used the comparative risk assessment framework to estimate the risk-attributable type 2 diabetes burden for 16 risk factors falling under risk categories including environmental and occupational factors, tobacco use, high alcohol use, high body-mass index (BMI), dietary factors, and low physical activity. Using a regression framework, we forecast type 1 and type 2 diabetes prevalence through 2050 with Socio-demographic Index (SDI) and high BMI as predictors, respectively. Findings: In 2021, there were 529 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 500�564) people living with diabetes worldwide, and the global age-standardised total diabetes prevalence was 6�1% (5�8�6�5). At the super-region level, the highest age-standardised rates were observed in north Africa and the Middle East (9�3% [8�7�9�9]) and, at the regional level, in Oceania (12�3% [11�5�13�0]). Nationally, Qatar had the world's highest age-specific prevalence of diabetes, at 76�1% (73�1�79�5) in individuals aged 75�79 years. Total diabetes prevalence�especially among older adults�primarily reflects type 2 diabetes, which in 2021 accounted for 96�0% (95�1�96�8) of diabetes cases and 95�4% (94�9�95�9) of diabetes DALYs worldwide. In 2021, 52�2% (25�5�71�8) of global type 2 diabetes DALYs were attributable to high BMI. The contribution of high BMI to type 2 diabetes DALYs rose by 24�3% (18�5�30�4) worldwide between 1990 and 2021. By 2050, more than 1�31 billion (1�22�1�39) people are projected to have diabetes, with expected age-standardised total diabetes prevalence rates greater than 10% in two super-regions: 16�8% (16�1�17�6) in north Africa and the Middle East and 11�3% (10�8�11�9) in Latin America and Caribbean. By 2050, 89 (43�6%) of 204 countries and territories will have an age-standardised rate greater than 10%. Interpretation: Diabetes remains a substantial public health issue. Type 2 diabetes, which makes up the bulk of diabetes cases, is largely preventable and, in some cases, potentially reversible if identified and managed early in the disease course. However, all evidence indicates that diabetes prevalence is increasing worldwide, primarily due to a rise in obesity caused by multiple factors. Preventing and controlling type 2 diabetes remains an ongoing challenge. It is essential to better understand disparities in risk factor profiles and diabetes burden across populations, to inform strategies to successfully control diabetes risk factors within the context of multiple and complex drivers. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. � 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license