Department Of Human Genetics And Molecular Medicine

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Subject: search.filters.subject.Apoptosis

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    Apoptotic and antimetastatic effect of cucurbitacins in cancer: recent trends and advancement
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023-04-03T00:00:00) Kumar, Ajay; Sharma, Bunty; Sharma, Ujjawal; Parashar, Gaurav; Parashar, Nidarshana Chaturvedi; Rani, Isha; Ramniwas, Seema; Kaur, Satwinderjeet; Haque, Shafiul; Tuli, Hardeep Singh
    The Cucurbitaceae family produces a class of secondary metabolites known as cucurbitacins. The eight cucurbitacin subunits are cucurbitacin B, D, E, I, IIa, L glucoside, Q, and R with the most significant anticancer activity. They are reported to inhibit cell proliferation, invasion, and migration; induce apoptosis; and encourage cell cycle arrest, as some of their modes of action. The JAK-STAT3, Wnt, PI3K/Akt, and MAPK signaling pathways, which are essential for the survival and apoptosis of cancer cells, have also been shown to be suppressed by cucurbitacins. The goal of the current study is to summarize potential molecular targets that cucurbitacins could inhibit in order to suppress various malignant processes. The review is noteworthy since it presents all putative molecular targets for cucurbitacins in cancer on a single podium. � 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
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    Molecular mechanisms behind ROS regulation in cancer: A balancing act between augmented tumorigenesis and cell apoptosis
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022-11-28T00:00:00) Tuli, Hardeep Singh; Kaur, Jagjit; Vashishth, Kanupriya; Sak, Katrin; Sharma, Ujjawal; Choudhary, Renuka; Behl, Tapan; Singh, Tejveer; Sharma, Sheetu; Saini, Adesh K.; Dhama, Kuldeep; Varol, Mehmet; Sethi, Gautam
    ROS include hydroxyl radicals (HO.), superoxide (O2.), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). ROS are typically produced under physiological conditions and play crucial roles in living organisms. It is known that ROS, which are created spontaneously by cells through aerobic metabolism in mitochondria, can have either a beneficial or detrimental influence on biological systems. Moderate levels of ROS can cause oxidative damage to proteins, DNA and lipids, which can aid in the pathogenesis of many disorders, including cancer. However, excessive concentrations of ROS can initiate programmed cell death in cancer. Presently, a variety of chemotherapeutic drugs and herbal agents are being investigated to induce ROS-mediated cell death in cancer. Therefore, preserving ROS homeostasis is essential for ensuring normal cell development and survival. On account of a significant association of ROS levels at various concentrations with carcinogenesis in a number of malignancies, further studies are needed to determine the underlying molecular mechanisms and develop the possibilities for intervening in these processes. � 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
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    The mitochondrial unfolded protein response: Role in cellular homeostasis and disease
    (Bentham Science Publishers B.V., 2017) De, I.; Dogra, N.; Singh, S.
    Mitochondria are the sole semiautonomous organelles of the human cell and play a very important role in not only energy production but also in apoptosis, metabolism and cell signaling. They are also known to be major producers of ROS and RNS free radicals during ATP production. These free radicals in excessive amount may damage the mitochondrial DNA as well as proteome resulting in accumulation of misfolded proteins which may prove deleterious to their functioning and are known to be involved in disease pathology. To maintain healthy proteome, mitochondria have developed as quality control machinery in semiautonomous manner, where cellular proteins such as proteases and heat shock proteins are used for quality control. The present review discusses various aspects of mitochondrial protein quality control operating at outer or inner membrane as well as intermembranal space. The various pathways involved in mitochondrial unfolded protein response have been discussed along with their implications in cancer and various neurodegenerative diseases. ? 2017 Bentham Science Publishers.