Department Of Botany

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Author: search.filters.author.Kumar, Rashpal

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    Drought priming induced thermotolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) during reproductive stage; a multifaceted tolerance approach against terminal heat stress
    (Elsevier Masson s.r.l., 2023-06-23T00:00:00) Kumar, Rashpal; Adhikary, Arindam; Saini, Rashmi; Khan, Shahied Ahmed; Yadav, Manisha; Kumar, Sanjeev
    In wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), terminal heat stress obstructs reproductive functioning eventually leading to yield loss. Drought priming during the vegetative stage can trigger a quicker and effective defense response against impending high temperature stress and improve crop production. In the present study, two contrasting wheat cultivars (PBW670 and C306) were subjected to moderate drought stress of 50�55% ?eld capacity for eight days during the jointing stage to generate drought priming (DP) response. Fifteen days after anthesis heat stress (36 �C) was imposed for three days and physiological response of primed, and non-primed plants was assessed by analyzing membrane damage, water status and antioxidative enzymes. Heat shock transcription factors (14 TaHSFs), calmodulin (TaCaM5), antioxidative genes (TaSOD, TaPOX), polyamine biosynthesis genes and glutathione biosynthesis genes were analyzed. GC-MS based untargeted metabolite profiling was carried out to underpin the associated metabolic changes. Yield related parameters were recorded at maturity to finally assess the priming response. Heat stress response was visible from day one of exposure in terms of membrane damage and elevated antioxidative enzymes activity. DP reduced the impact of heat stress by lowering the membrane damage (ELI, MDA & LOX) and enhancing antioxidative enzyme activity except APX in both the cultivars. Drought priming upregulated the expression of HSFs, calmodulin, antioxidative genes, polyamines, and the glutathione biosynthesis genes. Drought priming altered key amino acids, carbohydrate, and fatty acid metabolism in PBW670 but also promoted thermotolerance in C306. Overall, DP provided a multifaceted approach against heat stress and positive association with yield. � 2023 Elsevier Masson SAS
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    Drought priming triggers diverse metabolic adjustments and induces chilling tolerance in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
    (Elsevier Masson s.r.l., 2022-11-30T00:00:00) Saini, Rashmi; Adhikary, Arindam; Juneja, Sumandeep; Kumar, Rashpal; Singh, Inderjit; Nayyar, Harsh; Kumar, Sanjeev
    Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) suffers from chilling stress at the reproductive stage (<15 �C) which leads to significant yield loss. This study presents a comprehensive plant response to drought priming and its effect on chilling tolerance during the reproductive stage in two chickpea cultivars PBG1 and PBG5. Lipidome profiling (Fatty acid methyl esters analysis), metabolome profiling (GC-MS based untargeted analysis), fatty acid desaturases and antioxidative gene expression (qRT-PCR) were analyzed to monitor physiological and biochemical events after priming during flowering, podding and seed filling stages. Drought priming alleviated membrane damage and chlorophyll degradation by increasing membrane unsaturated fatty acids (18:3) along with up-regulation of various fatty acid desaturases (CaFADs) genes and antioxidative machinery during flowering and improved seed yield in PBG5. PCA, HCA, and KEGG pathway analysis of 87 identified metabolites showed that metabolites were regulated differently in both cultivars under non-primed and primed conditions. The plant response was more apparent at flowering and podding stages which coincided with chilling temperature (<15 �C). Drought priming stimulated many important genes, especially FADs, antioxidative proteins and accumulation of key metabolites (proline and TCA intermediates) required for defense especially in PBG5. This explains that plant's response to drought priming not only depends on developmental stage, and temperature regime (<15 �C) but also on the genotypic-specificity. � 2022 Elsevier Masson SAS
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    Drought priming induces chilling tolerance and improves reproductive functioning in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022-08-02T00:00:00) Saini, Rashmi; Das, Rangman; Adhikary, Arindam; Kumar, Rashpal; Singh, Inderjit; Nayyar, Harsh; Kumar, Sanjeev
    Key message: Priming alleviates membrane damage, chlorophyll degradation along with cryoprotectants accumulation during chilling stress that leads to improved reproductive functioning and increased seed yield. Abstract: Chilling temperatures below 15��C have severe implications on the reproductive growth and development of chickpea. The abnormal reproductive development and subsequent reproductive failure lead to substantial yield loss. We exposed five chickpea cultivars (PBG1, GPF2, PDG3, PDG4, and PBG5) to drought stress (Priming) during the vegetative stage and analyzed for chilling tolerance during the reproductive stage. These varieties were raised in the fields in two sets: one set of plants were subjected to drought stress at the vegetative stage for 30�days (priming) and the second set of plants were irrigated regularly (non-primed). The leaf samples were harvested at the flowering, podding, and seed filling stage and analyzed for membrane damage, water status, chlorophyll content, cellular respiration, and certain cryoprotective solutes. The reproductive development was analyzed by accessing pollen viability, in vivo and in vitro germination, pollen load, and in vivo pollen tube growth. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that priming improved membrane damage, chlorophyll b degradation, and accumulation of cryoprotectants in GPF2, PDG3, and PBG5 at the flowering stage (< 15��C). Pearson's correlation analysis showed a negative correlation with the accumulation of proline and carbohydrates with flower, pod, and seed abortion. Only, PBG5 responded best to priming while PBG1 was worst. In PBG5, priming resulted in reduced membrane damage and lipid peroxidation, improved water content, reduced chlorophyll degradation, and enhanced cryoprotective solutes accumulation, which led to increased reproductive functioning and finally improved seed yield and harvest index. Lastly, the priming response is variable and cultivar-specific but overall improve plant tolerance. � 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
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    Understanding cross-tolerance mechanism and effect of drought priming on individual heat stress and combinatorial heat and drought stress in chickpea
    (Springer, 2022-03-15T00:00:00) Yadav, Renu; Juneja, Sumandeep; Kumar, Rashpal; Saini, Rashmi; Kumar, Sanjeev
    In northern India, chickpea experiences abrupt heat and drought stress during the late developmental stage and entails significant production loss. In the present study, the effect of heat stress and combined stress (heat and drought) was assessed in five varieties of chickpea along with the underlying mechanism of cross-tolerance by priming. Healthy seedlings (24�days old) were primed with mild drought stress and exposed to three different temperatures, i.e., 38��C, 35��C, and 32��C for 12, 24, and 36�h respectively, and also in combination with drought. The damage and tolerance were evaluated based on biochemical and physiological indicators. Results indicate that significant response was observed at 35��C as compared to 32 and 38��C in terms of decrease in leaf water content, increased electrolyte leakage and lipid peroxidation, decreased chlorophyll content, increased accumulation of proline and total sugars, and increased antioxidative activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, guaiacol peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione reductase. The consequence of combined stress was more distinct than the individual heat stress and cannot be extrapolated from the synergistic effect of the two stresses. In addition, priming induced cross-tolerance at 35��C by improving the membrane damage, photorespiration, photosynthetic pigment, osmolyte accumulation, and some antioxidative enzymes. On the basis of all the above parameters, PDG4 was identified as the best performing variety and tolerant to heat stress while GPF2 was the worst performing and sensitive to heat stress. It can be inferred that both severity and duration of stress are important and priming can be considered as an important tool to induce cross-tolerance in crop plants. � 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Korean Society of Crop Science (KSCS).
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    Drought priming induced thermotolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) during reproductive stage; a multifaceted tolerance approach against terminal heat stress
    (Elsevier Masson s.r.l., 2023-06-23T00:00:00) Kumar, Rashpal; Adhikary, Arindam; Saini, Rashmi; Khan, Shahied Ahmed; Yadav, Manisha; Kumar, Sanjeev
    In wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), terminal heat stress obstructs reproductive functioning eventually leading to yield loss. Drought priming during the vegetative stage can trigger a quicker and effective defense response against impending high temperature stress and improve crop production. In the present study, two contrasting wheat cultivars (PBW670 and C306) were subjected to moderate drought stress of 50�55% ?eld capacity for eight days during the jointing stage to generate drought priming (DP) response. Fifteen days after anthesis heat stress (36 �C) was imposed for three days and physiological response of primed, and non-primed plants was assessed by analyzing membrane damage, water status and antioxidative enzymes. Heat shock transcription factors (14 TaHSFs), calmodulin (TaCaM5), antioxidative genes (TaSOD, TaPOX), polyamine biosynthesis genes and glutathione biosynthesis genes were analyzed. GC-MS based untargeted metabolite profiling was carried out to underpin the associated metabolic changes. Yield related parameters were recorded at maturity to finally assess the priming response. Heat stress response was visible from day one of exposure in terms of membrane damage and elevated antioxidative enzymes activity. DP reduced the impact of heat stress by lowering the membrane damage (ELI, MDA & LOX) and enhancing antioxidative enzyme activity except APX in both the cultivars. Drought priming upregulated the expression of HSFs, calmodulin, antioxidative genes, polyamines, and the glutathione biosynthesis genes. Drought priming altered key amino acids, carbohydrate, and fatty acid metabolism in PBW670 but also promoted thermotolerance in C306. Overall, DP provided a multifaceted approach against heat stress and positive association with yield. � 2023 Elsevier Masson SAS
  • No Thumbnail Available
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    Drought priming triggers diverse metabolic adjustments and induces chilling tolerance in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
    (Elsevier Masson s.r.l., 2022-11-30T00:00:00) Saini, Rashmi; Adhikary, Arindam; Juneja, Sumandeep; Kumar, Rashpal; Singh, Inderjit; Nayyar, Harsh; Kumar, Sanjeev
    Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) suffers from chilling stress at the reproductive stage (<15 �C) which leads to significant yield loss. This study presents a comprehensive plant response to drought priming and its effect on chilling tolerance during the reproductive stage in two chickpea cultivars PBG1 and PBG5. Lipidome profiling (Fatty acid methyl esters analysis), metabolome profiling (GC-MS based untargeted analysis), fatty acid desaturases and antioxidative gene expression (qRT-PCR) were analyzed to monitor physiological and biochemical events after priming during flowering, podding and seed filling stages. Drought priming alleviated membrane damage and chlorophyll degradation by increasing membrane unsaturated fatty acids (18:3) along with up-regulation of various fatty acid desaturases (CaFADs) genes and antioxidative machinery during flowering and improved seed yield in PBG5. PCA, HCA, and KEGG pathway analysis of 87 identified metabolites showed that metabolites were regulated differently in both cultivars under non-primed and primed conditions. The plant response was more apparent at flowering and podding stages which coincided with chilling temperature (<15 �C). Drought priming stimulated many important genes, especially FADs, antioxidative proteins and accumulation of key metabolites (proline and TCA intermediates) required for defense especially in PBG5. This explains that plant's response to drought priming not only depends on developmental stage, and temperature regime (<15 �C) but also on the genotypic-specificity. � 2022 Elsevier Masson SAS
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Drought priming induces chilling tolerance and improves reproductive functioning in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022-08-02T00:00:00) Saini, Rashmi; Das, Rangman; Adhikary, Arindam; Kumar, Rashpal; Singh, Inderjit; Nayyar, Harsh; Kumar, Sanjeev
    Key message: Priming alleviates membrane damage, chlorophyll degradation along with cryoprotectants accumulation during chilling stress that leads to improved reproductive functioning and increased seed yield. Abstract: Chilling temperatures below 15��C have severe implications on the reproductive growth and development of chickpea. The abnormal reproductive development and subsequent reproductive failure lead to substantial yield loss. We exposed five chickpea cultivars (PBG1, GPF2, PDG3, PDG4, and PBG5) to drought stress (Priming) during the vegetative stage and analyzed for chilling tolerance during the reproductive stage. These varieties were raised in the fields in two sets: one set of plants were subjected to drought stress at the vegetative stage for 30�days (priming) and the second set of plants were irrigated regularly (non-primed). The leaf samples were harvested at the flowering, podding, and seed filling stage and analyzed for membrane damage, water status, chlorophyll content, cellular respiration, and certain cryoprotective solutes. The reproductive development was analyzed by accessing pollen viability, in vivo and in vitro germination, pollen load, and in vivo pollen tube growth. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that priming improved membrane damage, chlorophyll b degradation, and accumulation of cryoprotectants in GPF2, PDG3, and PBG5 at the flowering stage (< 15��C). Pearson's correlation analysis showed a negative correlation with the accumulation of proline and carbohydrates with flower, pod, and seed abortion. Only, PBG5 responded best to priming while PBG1 was worst. In PBG5, priming resulted in reduced membrane damage and lipid peroxidation, improved water content, reduced chlorophyll degradation, and enhanced cryoprotective solutes accumulation, which led to increased reproductive functioning and finally improved seed yield and harvest index. Lastly, the priming response is variable and cultivar-specific but overall improve plant tolerance. � 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Understanding cross-tolerance mechanism and effect of drought priming on individual heat stress and combinatorial heat and drought stress in chickpea
    (Springer, 2022-03-15T00:00:00) Yadav, Renu; Juneja, Sumandeep; Kumar, Rashpal; Saini, Rashmi; Kumar, Sanjeev
    In northern India, chickpea experiences abrupt heat and drought stress during the late developmental stage and entails significant production loss. In the present study, the effect of heat stress and combined stress (heat and drought) was assessed in five varieties of chickpea along with the underlying mechanism of cross-tolerance by priming. Healthy seedlings (24�days old) were primed with mild drought stress and exposed to three different temperatures, i.e., 38��C, 35��C, and 32��C for 12, 24, and 36�h respectively, and also in combination with drought. The damage and tolerance were evaluated based on biochemical and physiological indicators. Results indicate that significant response was observed at 35��C as compared to 32 and 38��C in terms of decrease in leaf water content, increased electrolyte leakage and lipid peroxidation, decreased chlorophyll content, increased accumulation of proline and total sugars, and increased antioxidative activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, guaiacol peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione reductase. The consequence of combined stress was more distinct than the individual heat stress and cannot be extrapolated from the synergistic effect of the two stresses. In addition, priming induced cross-tolerance at 35��C by improving the membrane damage, photorespiration, photosynthetic pigment, osmolyte accumulation, and some antioxidative enzymes. On the basis of all the above parameters, PDG4 was identified as the best performing variety and tolerant to heat stress while GPF2 was the worst performing and sensitive to heat stress. It can be inferred that both severity and duration of stress are important and priming can be considered as an important tool to induce cross-tolerance in crop plants. � 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Korean Society of Crop Science (KSCS).