Department Of Botany

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    Nanotechnology as a powerful tool in plant sciences: Recent developments, challenges and perspectives
    (Elsevier B.V., 2023-08-24T00:00:00) Kumari, Avnesh; Rana, Varnika; Yadav, Sudesh Kumar; Kumar, Vinay
    In today's global climate emergency, agricultural practices are becoming increasingly unsustainable. There are a number of alarming issues that require immediate action, including soil erosion, excessive use of natural resources, biodiversity loss, and an explosion of population. Although agriculture is heavily modernized, with traditional approaches, it is not possible to meet these challenges due to different landscapes, high nutrition demand, and a lack of technology. Aside from adversely affecting agriculture, chemical use has also resulted in serious health issues and undesirable effects on the ecosystem. As a result, nanotechnology will play a significant role in delivering a well-organized, sustainable agricultural industry by reducing chemicals and addressing existing problems. A quick disease diagnosis, improved plant nutrient absorption, and increased plant capability to absorb nutrients can be achieved by nanotechnology in the food and agriculture industries. Agricultural plants can be protected from insects and pests by nanotechnology acting as sensors to monitor soil and water quality. Despite their potential, researchers have been unable to understand how these compounds operate, since NPs either enhance growth or cause cytotoxicity depending on how much concentration is applied. In this article, we present the most promising nanoparticles used in abiotic stress management and gene editing of plants, as well as novel nanobionic approaches for improving plant functions and organelles. � 2023 The Authors
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    Green Synthesis of TiO2 Nanoparticles Using Acorus calamus Leaf Extract and Evaluating its Photocatalytic and In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity
    (MDPI, 2022-01-31T00:00:00) Ansari, Afzal; Siddiqui, Vasi Uddin; Rehman, Wahid Ul; Akram, Md. Khursheed; Siddiqi, Weqar Ahmad; Alosaimi, Abeer M.; Hussein, Mahmoud A.; Rafatullah, Mohd
    Here, we present an innovative and creative sustainable technique for the fabrication of titania (TiO2) using Acorus calamus (A. calamus) leaf extract as a new biogenic source, as well as a capping and reducing agent. The optical, structural, morphological, surface, and thermal character-istics of biosynthesized nanoparticles were investigated using UV, FTIR, SEM, DLS, BET, and TGA-DSC analysis. The phase formation and presence of nanocrystalline TiO2 were revealed by the XRD pattern. FTIR analysis revealed conjugation, as well as the presence of Ti�O and O�H vibrational bands. The nanoparticles were noticed to be globular, with an average size of 15�40 nm, according to the morphological analysis, and the impact of size quantification was also investigated using DLS. The photocatalytic activity of bare, commercial P-25 and biosynthesized TiO2 (G-TiO2) nano-particles in aqueous solution of rhodamine B (RhB) dye was investigated under visible light irradiation at different time intervals. The biosynthesized TiO2 nanoparticles exhibited strong photocata-lytic activity, degrading 96.59% of the RhB dye. Different kinetic representations were utilized to analyze equilibrium details. The pseudo-first-order reaction was best suited with equilibrium rate constant (K1) and regression coefficients (R2) values 3.72 � 10?4 and 0.99, respectively. The antimi-crobial efficacy of the prepared nanoparticles was investigated using the disc diffusion technique. Further, biosynthesized TiO2 showed excellent antimicrobial activity against the selected gram-pos-itive staining (B. subtilis, S. aureus) over gram-negative (P. aeruginosa, E. coli) pathogenic bacteria in comparison to bare TiO2. � 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
  • No Thumbnail Available
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    Nanotechnology as a powerful tool in plant sciences: Recent developments, challenges and perspectives
    (Elsevier B.V., 2023-08-24T00:00:00) Kumari, Avnesh; Rana, Varnika; Yadav, Sudesh Kumar; Kumar, Vinay
    In today's global climate emergency, agricultural practices are becoming increasingly unsustainable. There are a number of alarming issues that require immediate action, including soil erosion, excessive use of natural resources, biodiversity loss, and an explosion of population. Although agriculture is heavily modernized, with traditional approaches, it is not possible to meet these challenges due to different landscapes, high nutrition demand, and a lack of technology. Aside from adversely affecting agriculture, chemical use has also resulted in serious health issues and undesirable effects on the ecosystem. As a result, nanotechnology will play a significant role in delivering a well-organized, sustainable agricultural industry by reducing chemicals and addressing existing problems. A quick disease diagnosis, improved plant nutrient absorption, and increased plant capability to absorb nutrients can be achieved by nanotechnology in the food and agriculture industries. Agricultural plants can be protected from insects and pests by nanotechnology acting as sensors to monitor soil and water quality. Despite their potential, researchers have been unable to understand how these compounds operate, since NPs either enhance growth or cause cytotoxicity depending on how much concentration is applied. In this article, we present the most promising nanoparticles used in abiotic stress management and gene editing of plants, as well as novel nanobionic approaches for improving plant functions and organelles. � 2023 The Authors
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Green Synthesis of TiO2 Nanoparticles Using Acorus calamus Leaf Extract and Evaluating its Photocatalytic and In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity
    (MDPI, 2022-01-31T00:00:00) Ansari, Afzal; Siddiqui, Vasi Uddin; Rehman, Wahid Ul; Akram, Md. Khursheed; Siddiqi, Weqar Ahmad; Alosaimi, Abeer M.; Hussein, Mahmoud A.; Rafatullah, Mohd
    Here, we present an innovative and creative sustainable technique for the fabrication of titania (TiO2) using Acorus calamus (A. calamus) leaf extract as a new biogenic source, as well as a capping and reducing agent. The optical, structural, morphological, surface, and thermal character-istics of biosynthesized nanoparticles were investigated using UV, FTIR, SEM, DLS, BET, and TGA-DSC analysis. The phase formation and presence of nanocrystalline TiO2 were revealed by the XRD pattern. FTIR analysis revealed conjugation, as well as the presence of Ti�O and O�H vibrational bands. The nanoparticles were noticed to be globular, with an average size of 15�40 nm, according to the morphological analysis, and the impact of size quantification was also investigated using DLS. The photocatalytic activity of bare, commercial P-25 and biosynthesized TiO2 (G-TiO2) nano-particles in aqueous solution of rhodamine B (RhB) dye was investigated under visible light irradiation at different time intervals. The biosynthesized TiO2 nanoparticles exhibited strong photocata-lytic activity, degrading 96.59% of the RhB dye. Different kinetic representations were utilized to analyze equilibrium details. The pseudo-first-order reaction was best suited with equilibrium rate constant (K1) and regression coefficients (R2) values 3.72 � 10?4 and 0.99, respectively. The antimi-crobial efficacy of the prepared nanoparticles was investigated using the disc diffusion technique. Further, biosynthesized TiO2 showed excellent antimicrobial activity against the selected gram-pos-itive staining (B. subtilis, S. aureus) over gram-negative (P. aeruginosa, E. coli) pathogenic bacteria in comparison to bare TiO2. � 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.