School Of Health Sciences

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    Galangin, as a Potential Anticancer Agent
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022-04-07T00:00:00) Singh, Dhirendra; Saini, Arpit; Singh, Randhir; Agrawal, Rohini
    Cancer is a major global health issue and one of the main causes of mortality worldwide. In recent years, cancer mortality and morbidity rates have risen dramatically due to variety of factors. Despite therapeutic alternatives, chemotherapy medications have major adverse effects and many kinds of drug resistance that severely diminish their effectiveness. Galangin, 3,5,7-trihydroxyflavone, is considered as the bioactive constituent of galangal and honey. In general, galangin exhibits several pharmacological effects, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, and antiviral activities. The anticancer effects of galangin are mostly due to its abilities to inhibit cell cycle progression, inhibiting mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), protein kinase B (Akt), or mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activity leading to apoptotic cell death by stimulating caspase-9/8/3 and inhibiting tumor invasion and metastasis by decreasing the upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase-2/-9 (MMP-2/-9). These molecular pathways of galangin are involved in suppressing different malignancies, such as lung cancer, hepatic cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, retinoblastoma, and osteosarcoma. The present work is emphasized on the anticancer mechanisms of galangin. [Figure not available: see fulltext.]. � 2022, The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Sociedade Brasileira de Farmacognosia.
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    Assessment and identification of bioactive metabolites from terrestrial Lyngbya spp. responsible for antioxidant, antifungal, and anticancer activities
    (Institute for Ionics, 2023-09-09T00:00:00) Verma, Shaloo; Suman, Prabhat; Mandal, Somnath; Kumar, Roshan; Sahana, Nandita; Siddiqui, Nahid; Chakdar, Hillol
    Lyngbya from fresh and marine water produces an array of pharmaceutically bioactive therapeutic compounds. However, Lyngbya from agricultural soil is still poorly investigated. Hence, in this study, the bioactive potential of different Lyngbya spp. extract was explored. Intracellular petroleum ether extract of L. hieronymusii K81 showed the highest phenolic content (626.22 � 0.65 ?g GAEs g?1 FW), while intracellular ethyl acetate extract of L. aestuarii K97 (74.02 � 0.002 mg QEs g?1 FW) showed highest flavonoid content. Highest free radical scavenging activity in terms of ABTS�+ was recorded in intracellular methanolic extract of Lyngbya sp. K5 (97.85 � 0.068%), followed by L. wollei K80 (97.22 � 0.059%) while highest DPPH� radical scavenging activity observed by intracellular acetone extract of Lyngbya sp. K5 (54.59 � 0.165%). All the extracts also showed variable degrees of antifungal activities against Fusarium udum, F. oxysporum ciceris, Colletotrichum capsici, and Rhizoctonia solani. Further, extract of L. wollei K80 and L. aestuarii K97 showed potential anticancer activities against MCF7 (breast cancer) cell lines. GC-MS analyses of intracellular methanolic extract of L. wollei K80 showed the dominance of PUFAs with 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid, methyl ester, (Z,Z,Z) as the most abundant bioactive compound. On the other hand, the extracellular ethyl acetate extract of L. aestuarii K97 was rich in alkanes and alkenes with 1-hexyl-2-nitrocyclohexane as the most predominant compound. Extracts of Lyngbya spp. rich in novel secondary metabolites such as PUFAs, alkanes, and alkenes can be further explored as an alternative and low-cost antioxidant and potential apoptogens for cancer therapy. � 2023, The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Sociedade Brasileira de Microbiologia.