Department Of South And Central Asian Studies

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1951 Refugee Convention and its Protocol: Imperatives to Indian Perspective.
(IMPACT, 2018) Noushadali, K; Kaushiki, Nishtha
Being not a signatory to the notable International legal provisions passed for the betterment of refugees such as the United Nations Convention (1951) and protocol (1967), the Indian approach towards the refugees is worthy to do researches. It is for this reason that India responds sympathetically towards its refugee population following the principles of humanitarian considerations. Further, it is interesting to see that the Indian constitution is assuring some definite fundamental freedom to all without discriminating citizens and non-citizens. In order to preserve the fundamental freedoms of the foreigners and of course refugees (non-citizens), the Indian government had given them judicial backup too. This paper is an attempt to look at the importance of the International refugee conventions for the holistic betterment of the global refugee population. Further, the paper outlines the Indian perspectives on the global refugee laws and conventions. It also emphasizes that the Indian constitution and judiciary plays an important role in accommodating refugees, in relation to its political others, as well as ethnic affinities.
Access to medicines through global health diplomacy
(Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 2023-06-10T00:00:00) Chattu, Vijay Kumar; Singh, Bawa; Pattanshetty, Sanjay; Reddy, Srikanth
The World Health Organisation (WHO) emphasizes that equitable access to safe and affordable medicines is vital to attaining the highest possible standard of health by all. Ensuring equitable access to medicines (ATM) is also a key narrative of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), as SDG 3.8 specifies �access to safe, effective, quality and affordable essential medicines and vaccines for all� as a central component of universal health coverage (UHC). The SDG 3.b emphasizes the need to develop medicines to address persistent treatment gaps. However, around 2 billion people globally have no access to essential medicines, particularly in lower- and middle-income countries. The states� recognition of health as a human right obligates them to ensure access to timely, acceptable, affordable health care. While ATM is inherent in minimizing the treatment gaps, global health diplomacy (GHD) contributes to addressing these gaps and fulfilling the state�s embracement of health as a human right. � 2023 The Author(s).
Advancing african medicines agency through global health diplomacy for an equitable pan-african universal health coverage: A scoping review
(MDPI, 2021-11-09T00:00:00) Chattu, Vijay Kumar; Dave, Vishal B.; Reddy, K. Srikanth; Singh, Bawa; Sahiledengle, Biniyam; Heyi, Demisu Zenbaba; Nattey, Cornelius; Atlaw, Daniel; Jackson, Kioko; El-Khatib, Ziad; Eltom, Akram Ali
The African continent is home to 15% of the world�s population and suffers from a disease burden of more than 25% globally. In this COVID-19 era, the high burden and mortality are further worsened due to inequities, inequalities such as inadequate health systems, scarce financial and human resources, as well as unavailability of inexpensive medicines of good quality, safety, and efficacy. The Universal Health Coverage ensures that people have access to high-quality essential health services, secure, reliable, and affordable essential medicines and vaccines, as well as financial security. This paper aimed at addressing the critical need for a continental African Medicines Agency (AMA) in addressing the inequities and the role of global health diplomacy in building consensus to support the ratification of the Treaty of AMA. A literature review was done in Scopus, Web of Science, MEDLINE/PubMed, and Google Scholar search engine to identify the critical literature in the context of study objectives. All the articles published after 2015 till 2021 in the context of AMA were included. African Health Strategy 2016�2030 highlighted the importance of an African regulatory mechanism for medicines and medical products. Through global health diplomacy (GHD), the African Union and its partners can negotiate and cooperate in providing infrastructural, administrative, and regulatory support for establishing the AMA. The paper emphasizes the South�South cooperation and highlights the contributions of India and China in the supply of medicines and vaccines to Africa. A strong AMA created through GHD can be a vital instrument in utilizing Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) flexibilities extension and an ideal partner for European and other regional regulatory authorities seeking to stem the tide of counterfeit, sub-standard, or fake products. � 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Analyzing GAVI the Vaccine Alliance as a Global Health Partnership Model: A Constructivist Analysis of the Global Health Crisis
(SAGE Publications Ltd, 2022-09-06T00:00:00) Singh, Sandeep; Bawa, Jagmeet; Singh, Bawa; Singh, Balinder; Bika, Shankar Lal
The ongoing debate on the conceptual underpinnings of constructivism and global health partnerships (GHPs) in global health studies has a dimension that deserves closer attention. This paper attempts to draw attention to a few aspects of the debate using Finnemore�s constructivist analysis. According to this study, global actors need to rethink their paradoxical notions of pandemic crisis survival in light of the growing demand for mobilizing diverse global health agents and the necessity of constructing complex GHPs to address challenges of international significance. A global response based on solidarity and multilateralism is the only way to effectively combat this pandemic. Against this backdrop, the article analyses this development through an ideational ontological case study of the GAVI, the Vaccine Alliance. This article contributes to the debate by explaining how the GAVI Alliance fostered global collaboration and can serve as a template for future GHPs. � 2022 Association of Asia Scholars.
Asia Pivot and the Security Dilemma: Strategic Imperatives for India
(International Conference on Law and Political Science, National Law University, Delhi, 2014) Kaushiki, Nishtha
Being national or non-national: Sheikh abdullah's autobiography and the history of kashmir
(Central University of Punjab, 2013) Dar, Waseem Ahmad; Varghese, Vijay
The present study encompasses a preliminary reading of Aatish-e-Chinar, the autobiography of Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah, the most important political figure of modern Jammu and Kashmir. It is presumed here that the autobiographies as quintessentially a modern genre of expression are decisive instruments in the forging of nations, the quintessential political form of modern times. The Aatish-e-Chinar captures the trajectories of Kashmiri nation and nationalism and values that define it and the tendencies it is opposed to. The imagination of being national by Abdullah involved a simultaneous process of exalting certain attributes as national and others as non-national while placing himself at the centre of this historic nationalistic project. His autobiography stands out for its national character and faith in secularism and multiculturalism, overriding the prevalent orthodoxies. The autobiography draws us also to the national politics that made Abdullah to think in terms of remaining independent of both India and Pakistan, which has undergone transformation and change over time- the transformation of Jammu and Kashmir from a nation to a sub-nation as an administrative entity. The narrative is in conversation with its time and beyond in seeking legitimacy for the nation and its troubled historical trajectory.
British India in the World Wars: A Historical Analysis of Military Perspective of Punjab
(Central University of Punjab, 2018) Singh, Bhupinder; Singh, Bawa
Military history is seen as an under-researched area, though military had been remained important to every country for security and other vested interests from time immemorial. Countries and kingdoms had always been maintained military for protection and security as well as for satisfying their imperialistic designs. It is well known that military played a key role in the making of the British Empire in the Indian subcontinent in which Punjab had played a strategic and pivotal role. Empire to restructure and reArmy and on the other hand, valour and loyalty along with the martial character and good physique shown by the Punjabi people brought new trends in the recruitment of the British Indian Army. Since the recorded history, Punjab had been known for Sword of Arms for India. Later on, it had become the guardians of the British Empire. In this background, the British Raj ended the Bengalisation and started the Punjabization of the British Indian Army. Consequently, Punjab made spectacular progress in network of military cantonment allied with other supporting infrastructure (railways, canals, railway workshops, hospitals, schools), apart from converting it as one of the most important and fertile army recruitment grounds. On the other side, British had started to recruit the Punjabis in the British Indian Army. On the other side, Punjabis had played very pivotal role in sustaining, maintaining and expanding the British Empire in India as well as on the other distant of the world. More importantly, Punjabi Army played very significant role in the World War I & II. monumental and because of this, Punjabi soldiers have been felicitated every year over there. With the opening of World War I, Punjab had supplied approximately 50 percent of the British Indian Army. On the other side, Punjab had contributed substantially in the World War II. In this work, the neglected stories of Punjabi army has been discussed widely. In spite of this, the comparison between Punjab versus other provinces of India has been done for more clearing the picture of . However, the study has some limitations due to the time and space constraints. It, particularly, focuses on the role of Punjab in the British Indian Army. Thus, the proposed research has explored the role of colonial Punjab in the World Wars. Additionally, it also examine the socio-economic impact of the British rule in general and World Wars in particular on the respective region. Hence, the work has brought out the silence stories of Punjabi soldiers on the pages of history.
British Indian army: Role of Punjab in the World War I
(Global Institute for Sikh Studies, 2018) Singh B.; Singh B.
The British Indian Army evolved out of the three presidencies of Bengal, Madras and Bombay, which had come under the control of the East India Company in the second-half of the eighteenth century. With the outbreak of the Sepoy mutiny 1857, both the administration and the Indian army were radically restructured. The Punjab's strategic location, the onset of the Great Game, and what was believed to be the martial character of local people played an important role in placing this region in the center of British planning. This paper examines the role of Punjab in providing soldiers as well as generous politico-economic support to the British Empire during the World War I. - 2018 Journal of Sikh and Punjab Studies.All Rights Reserved.
British Indian Army: Role of Punjab in the World War-I.
(University of California, Santa Barbara, 2018) Singh, Bawa
Broadening exchanges and changing institutions: Multiple sites of economic transnationalism
(Taylor and Francis, 2014) Irudaya Rajan, S.; Varghese, V.J.
[No abstract available]
Cantomentisation and transformation in south asia: a study of colonial military of punjab/firozpur
(Central University of Punjab, 2013) Singh, Bhupinder; Varghese, V.J.
Military history in general is seen as an under-researched area, though military remained important to every country from time immemorial and countries and kingdoms maintained military for protection and security as well as for satisfying their imperial designs. It is well known that military has played a major role in the making of the British Empire in South Asia/ Indian Subcontinent in which Punjab played a strategic and pivotal role. The British Indian army was heavily concentrated in Punjab with a robust of network of military cantonments, apart from converting it as one of the most important army recruitment grounds. Punjab was thus turned into a 'garrison state'. The present dissertation is an attempt to map the military landscape of Punjab under colonialism and how it impacted the geography and socio- economic life of the region. From the 1830's a series of cantonments were established in the province- Firozpur, Lahore, Ludhiana, Jalandhar, Peshawar, Ambala, Kanpur, Bathinda, Rawalpindi etc. which were vital in sustaining colonialism in India and maintaining the colonial dominance over the sub-continent. The cantonments transformed the life and geography of the respective locations/areas where they were established in the terms of demography and amenities. The attempt here is to make preliminary exploration into the details of the making Punjab a garrison state with these networks of cantonments and the changes they brought to the region. The study also makes a specific exploration into the history Firozpur cantonment.
Challenges for India's Strategic Manoeuvring in Asia
(International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 2013) Kaushiki, Nishtha
Challenges to India's Energy Security
(EPRA Journals, 2013) Kaushiki, Nishtha
Changimng dynamics of strategic relationships between china and Nepal: Theorizing india’s concerns
(G.B. Books Publishers and Distributors, 2015) Singh, Bawa
Changing Contours of Balance of Power in AsiaPacific: India’s Paradoxes and Pragmatism
(Central University of Punjab, 2018) Thoker, Parvaiz Ahmad; Singh, Bawa
Since the end of the Cold War, one of the world’s largest regions-the AsiaPacific has undergone significant changes in the pattern of the power balancing equations. The breakup of Soviet Union has left indelible and drastic impacts on the overall strategic scenario of the Asia-Pacific region. The two major powers-China and Russia are coming closer, and on the other hand, the US along with its significant allies sought to maintain its hegemony in the region. However, the US presence is facing stern challenges from the rising China. Therefore, the region has been experiencing the formation of alliances and counter-alliances with the US and China as leading players. Thus a situation of new power equations has been arising in the region whereby different groupings try to contain each other through varied moves and counter moves. During the Cold War, India had been more associated with the Former Soviet Union (FSU). However, in the post-Cold War era, the NAMa lynchpin of Indian foreign policy has been left in the lurch and, thus, a paradigmatic shift was witnessed in India’s overall foreign policy approach in general and AsiaPacific region in particular. No doubt, India possesses multifaceted geostrategic iv interests in the Asia-Pacific region. However, India’s policy goals vis-à-vis AsiaPacific has been facing grave challenges given the recent power shifts in the region. Hence, through this study, a sincere effort has been made to analyse the emerging power balancing equations in Asia-Pacific with the US and China as the main actors. Moreover, this work discusses in detail about how the post-Cold War re-emergence of Russia affects the changing Asia-Pacific regional order. Further, at the end, the study has also attempted to analyse India’s Asia-Pacific policy along with the diverse challenges and potentials vis-à-vis new emerging power dynamics in the region.
Characterising the Culture of the Mughal Era Chronicles of a Munshi:Review of Rajeev Kinra, Writing Self, Writing Empire: Chandar Bhan Brahman and the Cultural World of the Indo-Persian State Secretary, Delhi: Primus Books (by arrangement with University of California Press, Berkeley)
(Sameeksha Trust, 2018) Rathee, Vikas
Writing Self, Writing Empire by Rajeev Kinra is a biography of Chandar Bhan Brahman, a 17th-century Mughal munshi. (He died in the 1660s, Brahman was his caste and also his takhallus or pen name.) Simultaneously, Writing Self, Writing Empire is also a history of the political and administrative culture of the Mughal empire during Shah Jahan’s reign (1627–58), and a contribution to the literary history of Persian in India. The book is part of a larger trend of writing Mughal and medieval Indo–Islamic history (also referred to as “early modern”) that has focused largely on cultural history of the Indo–Islamic milieu and shown how this was a “cosmopolitan” venture comparable to other similar “early modern” polities in West Asia and Europe (Breckenbridge et al 2002; Lefèvre et al 2015). Theoretically, “cosmopolitan-ism” has been expounded by academic figures based in the West such as Kwame Anthony Appiah. Appiah sees cosmopolitan-ism as “a rejection of the conventional view that every civilized person belonged to a community among communities,” and as “regard[ing] all the peoples of the earth as so many branches of a single family, and the universe as a state” (Appiah2006).1 However, cosmopolitan-ism does not convincingly explain why a humanbeing should feel belonging towards all of humanity more than towards any other community. In fact, is it possible to transcend cultural moorings and become “universal,” and would not any such transcendence not inaugurate yet another cultural formation that would with time become “particular”? The history of all ideologies, for example, Christianity,Islam, Marxism, Democracy or AryaSamaj, suggests so.
The China factor in Indo- Japan strategic relations
(Routledge, 2017) Kaushiki, Nishtha; Ramzan, Hilal
The China factor in Indo-Japan strategic relations
(Taylor and Francis, 2016) Kaushiki, N.; Ramzan, H.
[No abstract available]
China in the Indian Ocean: Navigating India’s Challenges and Reciprocation
(Central University of Punjab, 2018) Lone, Mansoor Ahmad; Singh, Bawa
The Indian Ocean has remained a strategic maritime space since ages, serving as an important link among various regions of the globe regarding trade, social contacts, and cultural exchanges. The region was mostly peaceful during the pre-Vasco da Gama era, but the advent of Europeans set the stage for tough competition characterized by loot, plunder, and even wars. This foul environment kept on thriving and had prevailed till the end of the Second World War. Thereafter, the region appeared in a new refashioned scene where the USA emerged as a sole superpower of the world immediately after the collapse of its rival and competitor-USSR in 1991. The next dramatic turn arrived by the end of 20th century when the two Asian giants China and India, appeared on the global scene with swift growing economies, advancement in scientific knowledge and skilled workforce. With the onset of the 21st century, the IOR witnessed the growing attention of these big powers especially China and the USA along with the regional power India, with increasing competition because of the growing geopolitical and geo-economic significance of the region. Since the economy of these countries became heavily dependent on the energy imports mainly arriving from the Middle East and Africa and carried away through the Sea Lanes of Communications spanning the Indian Ocean from west to east, the security and safe arrival of these imports through the Indian Ocean has been treated as a chief necessity if the economy is to survive, sustain and grow. Further, the regions vast reserves of natural resource wealth both living and non-living further attracted the attention of these countries towards the region. This resulted in the ever-increasing involvement of these powers in the region. China iv having geographical constraints to easily access the Indian Ocean, started to wean India’s neighbours to make its foothold strong in the region while the USA directly joined hands with India to contain China’s expansion in the region. China expedited the process of securing greater cooperation with the littoral nations of the region, secured a goodwill place by employing different tools of maritime strategy like big investments for developing the infrastructure of these countries, increase in trade, political and diplomatic engagements, and military exchanges. China has been developing and operating many ports in the Indian Ocean countries like in Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Maldives, Seychelles, Djibouti, Tanzania, Kenya. It is this increasing involvement of China where India finds herself at odds in some security perspectives. The study is an attempt to analyze the dynamics of Chinese involvement in the IOR, the possible concerns for India and India’s preparedness in response to such moves of China.
China's startegic forays in south asia : Contextualising india's concerns
(Central University of Punjab, 2014) Lone, Mansoor Ahmad; Singh, Bawa
China's terrific rise and all-round development in almost all fields have provided her an identity in the International system as one of the great power. China's focus has now changed and the older views are giving way to wider engagement in adjoining areas. China shares borders with many south Asian countries like India, Nepal, Pakistan and Bhutan. Therefore, within the Chinese foreign policy, South Asia is becoming an important element. South Asia's increasing strategic importance has resulted in the increasing Chinese involvement in the region. The compelling factors for China to have an increased engagement in South Asia involve; to sustain the fast growing economy by securing the resources in these countries; Containment of India's rise to become a global power so that it may not affect China's rise; to maintain territorial integrity. In order to achieve these objectives, China is cultivating relations with the countries in South Asia by giving much needed economic assistance, infrastructure building, arms and ammunition transfers and in some countries nuclear weapon technology transfers as well especially to Pakistan. The countries with which China is increasingly involved rival to India in one way or the other. Therefore, it is obvious that such engagement will automatically harm India's interests in many ways in these countries. China in order to secure the energy needs has started to pursue a strategy called 'String of Pearls' vi through which China is building port facilities in the littoral states of Indian Ocean through which most of the crude oil is imported by China. These states include Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, and Bangladesh. By the way, such a strategy has lead to the encirclement of India, which may be a potential danger in future. India fears that China, who has a long pending unresolved border dispute with her, could use such port facilities for military purpose in future. Thus has created concerns for India. India needs to search better policy options to cautiously counter such a strategy of China, in order to retain greater consistency in her economy, and to maintain territorial integrity.