An Overview on Biological Activities of Oxazole, Isoxazoles and 1,2,4-Oxadiazoles Derivatives

Abstract

Heterocyclic compounds containing the oxazole, isoxazole and oxadiazoles rings have received significant consideration as they perform like a link between life sciences and chemical sciences. In the past few years, the efficacy of these heterocyclic nuclei as synthetic intermediates for the development of novel chemical entities in medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry has enhanced worldwide. Moreover, the importance of N-heterocycles from a medicinal point of view is due to their readily binding ability with biological systems such as various enzymes and receptors via numerous non-covalent interactions. Globally, similar research of finding Oxazole-based derivatives as potent medicinal drug candidates is an active topic which includes; oxazoles, isoxazoles, oxadiazoles, benzoxazoles, oxazolines, oxazolidinones, etc., in the study. Prominently, plenty of oxazole-based molecular scaffolds as active pharmacophores have been used against various diseases, which has shown their importance for the development as potential pharmaceutical agents. This chapter thoroughly highlights the current developments and researches involving; oxazole, isoxazole and oxadiazole-based compounds as clinical candidates, including anticancer, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, anti-inflammatory and antitubercular, antidiabetic as well as other biological activities. � 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.