Botany - Master Dissertation
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://kr.cup.edu.in/handle/32116/29
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Item Development And Characterization Of SSR Markers In Calotropis Procera(Central University of Punjab, 2018) Vandana; Bhardwaj, PankajCalotropis procera is a weed growing around the arid and semi-arid areas of the tropical and subtropical regions. The species has the potential to replace cotton and resolve the high rates of cotton-based products and at the same time reduce the use of synthetic non-biodegradable fibres. It has been used in various medicinal formulations from a long time. There is a need for developing molecular markers to facilitate breeding and genetic improvement of its varieties. Out of 12.6 million raw reads, 84636 reads were obtained after quality check and filtering. 93.7% of alignment rate and 76.31% of core genes were detected in Bowtie and BUSCO assessment, respectively. An average of 5.5 SSRs/Mb was obtained in 72.349 Mb transcriptome. 25 SSR markers were selected for characterization on 30 individuals representing 3 populations. 13 SSR loci were found polymorphic. In the population structure analysis a moderate level of genetic diversity (Na=3.9231, He=0.633) was predicted. The genetic variation among the population was found to be only 7% whereas within the population, it was 93%. The mean Shannon?s information index obtained was 1.1, showing significant diversity richness in the populations. The Dendrogram showed that the population from Bathinda and Ambala are closely related to each other than those from Barnala. The gene flow between Bathinda and Ambala population was found significantly high (6.439). The present set of loci had a high PIC value of 0.506 that makes them very informative to be further used for large scale studies.Item Charaterization of G-SSR markers in rhododendron arbreum(Central University of Punjab, 2014) Kaur, Harmeen; Bhardwaj, PankajHimalayan region is one of the important hotspot, having Rhododendron arboreum as major species. Anthropogenic activities and unsustainable use of the plant for its fruits, flower and wood by local people has raised questions about the sustainability of the species. In order to answer these questions, it is important to first know the genetic structure of the population. This study is focused on the characterization of the G-SSR markers for Rhododendrons and to study the population genetic structure. A set of 38 primers out of 41 are characterized on three population of Rhododendron arboreum, a total of 30 individuals. Allele number at different loci came to be in range of 2 to 14 with an average of 5.2 alleles per locus. Level of heterozygosity observed was high which varies from 0.422 to 0.917 (He) and 0.167 to 0.933 (Ho) with a polymorphic information content 0.104 to 0.811. Out of 38, about 19 loci deviated from the Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium. Genetic diversity was high in these populations with an average gene flow of 5.436. Based on the information from the loci, there was no observed linkage disequilibrium and bottleneck effect. Software DARwin and STRUCTURE, irrespective of geographical location, revels the presence of two original populations with admixed genetic stock. These studied loci will help in the further genetic mapping of the genes and genotyping studies in Rhododendron arboreum.