Department Of Geography

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Author: search.filters.author.Chand, PritamSubject: search.filters.subject.remote sensing

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    Frontal Changes of Gangotri Glacier, Garhwal Himalaya, between 1935 and 2022
    (Springer, 2023-02-07T00:00:00) Bhambri, Rakesh; Sain, Kalachand; Chand, Pritam; Srivastava, Deepak; Tiwari, Sameer K.; Yadav, Jairam Singh
    Gangotri Glacier is one of the most thoroughly investigated glaciers in the Indian Himalaya in terms of terminus monitoring. This study aims to update the frontal retreat of Gangotri Glacier between 1935 and 2022 using a large scale Geological Survey of India map, remote sensing images, and repeated photography. Gangotri Glacier�s retreat rate varied significantly during the study period. This glacier receded by 1727 � 51m (19.8 � 0.2 m a?1) between 1935 and 2022. The retreat of Gangotri Glacier decreased from 2001 to 2006 (7.0 � 4.0 m a?1) compared to the previous observation (1980�2001; 21.0 � 1.2 m a?1) but increased about three times between 2006 and 2017 (21.9 � 1.9 m a?1). Furthermore, from 2017 to 2022, the frontal retreat accelerated by about 1.5 times (33.8 � 6.7 m a?1) compared to the period between 2006 and 2017. The findings of the present study are consistent with ground based survey conducted by the Geological Survey of India. � 2023, Geological Society of India, Bengaluru, India.
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    Decadal terminus position changes and ice thickness measurement of Menthosa Glacier in Lahaul region of North-Western Himalaya
    (Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2021-06-05T00:00:00) Prakash, Satya; Sharma, Milap Chand; Sreekesh, S.; Chand, Pritam; Pandey, Vijendra Kumar; Latief, Syed Umer; Deswal, Sanjay; Manna, Ishita; Das, Suresh; Mandal, Sandip Tanu; Bahuguna, I.M.
    Glacier ice-thickness measurement and distribution is one of the essential variables to assess present status of glacier-water equivalent and its volumetric reserve as well as to model the future glacier dynamics under the climate changing scenario. Yet, substantial gaps in ice thickness information exist for the Himalayan glaciers. The present study provides a long-term assessment (1965�2016) of recessional and area change patterns, as well as the detailed field-based (2016�2017) Ground Penetrating Radar(GPR), derived ice-thickness measurement of the Menthosa Glacier, Lahaul Himalaya. Additionally, the study examines whether the modelled ice thickness from remote sensing data is consistent with the field-based GPR measurement and how can it be improved. The extensive field surveys coupled with the multi-temporal high (Corona KH-4A) to medium resolution (Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper+ (ETM+)/Operational Land Imager (OLI), Sentinel 2A-Multispectral Instrument (MSI)) remote sensing data and cross-sectional GPR surveyed profile measurements have been used to examine past half a century (1965�2016) glacier fluctuation and the recent ice-thickness estimations, respectively. The results show that the Menthosa Glacier receded by 301.5 � 19.2 m during the past half a century (1965�2016) with an average annual retreat of 5.9 � 0.4 m a?1, whereas glacier lost 0.09 km2 ice in the frontal section. Field measurement over the past one decade (2006�2017) also conforms to a continuous recessional pattern and substantial glacier degeneration particularly the extensive surface lowering and significant appearance of ice-cliffs in the ablation and lateral zones over this period. The GPR measurements (2017) show the minimum glacier ice thickness of 24 meters at 4691 m a.s.l. (in the lower part of ablation area) and maximum glacier ice thickness of 55 meters measured at 4758 m a.s.l. (in the upper left-side tributary part of ablation area). Moreover, the modelled ice thickness derived from remotely sensed data is having Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) between 38 to 72 � 10 m as compared with GPR measured ice thickness. � 2021 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
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    Analyzing shoreline dynamicity and the associated socioecological risk along the Southern Odisha Coast of India using remote sensing-based and statistical approaches
    (Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2021-02-06T00:00:00) Mishra, Manoranjan; Acharyya, Tamoghna; Chand, Pritam; Santos, Celso Augusto Guimar�es; Kar, Dipika; Das, Prabhu Prasad; Pattnaik, Namita; Silva, Richarde Marques da; Nascimento, Thiago Victor Medeiros do
    The coastal zone is an extremely volatile environment and is constantly changing. We assessed short- and long-term shoreline changes in the Ganjam district of Odisha on the eastern coast of India from 1990 to 2019 using Landsat satellite imagery and the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) tool in a geographic information system. In addition, we have also projected the likely future coastline position for the 2030�2040 period and the possible impact on the socioecology of the shoreline. In this study, we used the endpoint rate (EPR) analysis, weighted linear regression (WLR) analysis, and trigonometric functions to analyze the shoreline from 1990 to 2019 and also forecasted for year 2030 and 2040. The shoreline of the Ganjam coastal zone is one of the most biologically productive ecosystems in the world, and it is well-known due to the breeding and mass nesting grounds of olive ridley turtles and the economically connected ports, famous beaches, and cyclone-prone areas. During the study period (1990�2019), the average erosion and accretion rates in the Ganjam shoreline were ?2.58 m/year and 11.63 m/year, respectively. The rate of shoreline erosion increased during years of cyclone landfall, which was revealed during the short-term shoreline analysis of the periods from 1995 to 2000 (1999 super cyclone) and 2015 to 2019 (2019 category�IV cyclone Fani). The short- to long-term analyses of the shoreline assisted in identifying erosion (Ramyapatna, Podampetta) and accretion (southern part of Gopalpur port, spits along the Bahuda and Rushikulya Rivers) hotspots within the Ganjam coastal zone. The identified erosion hotspots could submerge a significant number of coastal villages that serve as breeding and mass nesting grounds for olive ridley turtles. The dominant erosion along the Ganjam coastline are likely to enhance socioecological risk and further threaten coastal communities in the future. The output of the undertaken research will benefit coastal planners, policymakers, and conservationists by helping them to formulate the most suitable action plan for coastal zone management with consideration of all stakeholders. � 2021 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.