Department Of Geography

Permanent URI for this communityhttps://kr.cup.edu.in/handle/32116/89

Browse

Subject: search.filters.subject.Climate change

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Urban Heat Island (UHI) Resilience Plan in Varying Climatic Conditions Using Geospatial Approach: A Case Study of Rajkot City
    (Springer International Publishing, 2023-05-19T00:00:00) Kotecha, Mit J.; Kanga, Shruti; Pankhaniya, Sagar K.; Agrawal, Sneha; Meraj, Gowhar; Singh, Suraj Kumar
    During the twenty-first century, urbanization and industrialization are rapidly growing in India, adversely destroying the climate. Urban Heat Island can be discerned in urban areas due to anthropogenic activities, industrialization, deforesta-tion, etc. The main peculiarity of the UHI effect is a rise in temperature in core urban areas than their rural surroundings, leading to excessive energy usage and putting the urban population at significant risk of morbidity and mortality. Therefore, the study of UHI is crucial for adaptation to climate change and making the city resilient. In this study, the LST and air temperature (ambient) of Rajkot city were assessed. We derived isotherm for Rajkot city for three locations: Trikon Baugh, Madhapar Chowk, and Atika industrial area having diverse typologies. The inconsistency between LST and ambient air temperature has been found out. Carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, which contribute to the UHI effect, were also analyzed for these locations. From the analysis, UHI�s resilient strategies, effectiveness, and resilience were established to help provide recommendations for applying resilient strategies. The four central resilient systems are integrating reduction and response of UHI for existing policies and programs, strengthening and building green infrastructure, alleviating cool roofs, and creating cool road infrastructure. Detailed demonstration of resilient strategies was given through T.P. scheme-10 of Rajkot. � The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Heterogeneity in glacier thinning and slowdown of ice movement in the Garhwal Himalaya, India
    (Elsevier B.V., 2023-03-05T00:00:00) Bhambri, Rakesh; Schmidt, Susanne; Chand, Pritam; N�sser, Marcus; Haritashya, Umesh; Sain, Kalachand; Tiwari, Sameer K.; Yadav, Jairam Singh
    Limited ground-based surveys and extensive remote sensing analyses have confirmed glacier thinning in the Garhwal Himalaya. More detailed studies on specific glaciers and the drivers of reported changes are essential to comprehend small-scale differences in the effects of climatic warming on Himalayan glaciers. We computed elevation changes and surface flow distribution for 205 (?0.1 km2) glaciers in the Alaknanda, Bhagirathi, and Mandakini basins, all located in the Garhwal Himalaya, India. This study also investigates a detailed integrated analysis of elevation changes and surface flow velocities for 23 glaciers with varying characteristics to understand the impact of ice thickness loss on overall glacier dynamics. We observed significant heterogeneity in glacier thinning and surface flow velocity patterns using temporal DEMs and optical satellite images with ground-based verification. The average thinning rate was found to be 0.07 � 0.09 m a-1 from 2000 to 2015, and it increased to 0.31 � 0.19 m a-1 from 2015 to 2020, with pronounced differences between individual glaciers. Between 2000 and 2015, Gangotri Glacier thinned nearly twice as much as the neighbouring Chorabari and Companion glaciers, which have thicker supraglacial debris that protects the beneath ice from melting. The transitional zone between debris-covered and clean ice glaciers showed substantial flow during the observation period. However, the lower reaches of their debris-covered terminus areas are almost stagnant. These glaciers experienced a significant slowdown (~25 %) between 1993�1994 and 2020�2021, and only the Gangotri Glacier was active even in its terminus region during most observational periods. The decreasing surface gradient reduces the driving stress and causes slow-down surface flow velocities and an increase in stagnant ice. Surface lowering of these glaciers may have substantial long-term impacts on downstream communities and lowland populations, including more frequent cryospheric hazards, which may threaten future water and livelihood security. � 2023 Elsevier B.V.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    The retreat of mountain glaciers since the little ice age: A spatially explicit database
    (MDPI, 2021-10-11T00:00:00) Marta, Silvio; Azzoni, Roberto Sergio; Fugazza, Davide; Tielidze, Levan; Chand, Pritam; Sieron, Katrin; Almond, Peter; Ambrosini, Roberto; Anthelme, Fabien; Alviz Gazit�a, Pablo; Bhambri, Rakesh; Bonin, Aur�lie; Caccianiga, Marco; Cauvy-Frauni�, Sophie; Lievano, Jorge Luis Ceballos; Clague, John; Rapre, Justiniano Alejo Cochach�n; Dangles, Olivier; Deline, Philip; Eger, Andre; Encarnaci�n, Rolando Cruz; Erokhin, Sergey; Franzetti, Andrea; Gielly, Ludovic; Gili, Fabrizio; Gobbi, Mauro; Guerrieri, Alessia; H�gvar, Sigmund; Khedim, Norine; Kinyanjui, Rahab; Messager, Erwan; Morales-Mart�nez, Marco Aurelio; Peyre, Gwendolyn; Pittino, Francesca; Poulenard, Jerome; Seppi, Roberto; Sharma, Milap Chand; Urseitova, Nurai; Weissling, Blake; Yang, Yan; Zaginaev, Vitalii; Zimmer, Ana�s; Diolaiuti, Guglielmina Adele; Rabatel, Antoine; Ficetola, Gentile Francesco
    Most of the world�s mountain glaciers have been retreating for more than a century in response to climate change. Glacier retreat is evident on all continents, and the rate of retreat has accelerated during recent decades. Accurate, spatially explicit information on the position of glacier margins over time is useful for analyzing patterns of glacier retreat and measuring reductions in glacier surface area. This information is also essential for evaluating how mountain ecosystems are evolving due to climate warming and the attendant glacier retreat. Here, we present a non-comprehensive spatially explicit dataset showing multiple positions of glacier fronts since the Little Ice Age (LIA) maxima, including many data from the pre-satellite era. The dataset is based on multiple historical archival records including topographical maps; repeated photographs, paintings, and aerial or satellite images with a supplement of geochronology; and own field data. We provide ESRI shapefiles showing 728 past positions of 94 glacier fronts from all continents, except Antarctica, covering the period between the Little Ice Age maxima and the present. On average, the time series span the past 190 years. From 2 to 46 past positions per glacier are depicted (on average: 7.8). � 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.