Information And Communicative Sciences
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Item Lifestyle modifications and nutrition in Alzheimer's disease(Elsevier, 2023-06-16T00:00:00) Bhatti, Gurjit Kaur; Mishra, Jayapriya; Sehrawat, Abhishek; Sharma, Eva; Kanozia, Rubal; Navik, Umashanker; Reddy, P. Hemachandra; Bhatti, Jasvinder SinghAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive chronic neurodegenerative disorder that is increasingly seen in developed and developing countries that subjugate older people. The exacerbation begins with the disease seen with the symptoms like deterioration of mental ability, memory, and cognitive deficits, which ultimately decline the physical activity also, and the severity of this disease causes the death of the patient. There is no proper medication and cure available to date, which can precisely prevent the condition efficiently. But it is essential to diagnose it before its destructive phase and consult for necessary treatments and procedures taken by the patient and the caregivers. Apart from clinical trials, the first and foremost thing is to focus on lifestyle; a way of living can have a more significant impact on a person's health. One can stay healthy for a longer time or fight against the disease by developing strategies like boosting immunity and staying physically fit enough, or else, one can successfully delay the appearance of disease with strong immunity and a healthier lifestyle. And the other promising fact is taking nutritious food, which is helpful to build a robust internal defense system against the diseased condition and lowering the risk of ailments. This chapter will focus on the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease, lifestyle modifications, and nutritional interventions in AD. � 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Item Finding a home in or through mobile phones: Access and usage patterns among homeless women in shelter-homes of India(SAGE Publications Ltd, 2023-09-21T00:00:00) Chakraborty, Debjani; Garg, ChhaviWith the number of mobile phone subscribers increasing across all sections of society, this paper aims to understand if homeless women in shelter-homes of India have access to mobile phones and, if so, what are their usage patterns. Facilitated by issues ranging from domestic violence to lack of employment to forced migration and even to human trafficking and rape, women residing in the shelter-homes of India have a myriad of stories to tell. Not all of them have been on streets forever and many have the basic literacy to understand how to use a mobile phone. For the purposes of the study, the researchers engaged with women above 18 years of age up to the age of 45 in a series of open-ended interviews to understand their access to mobile phones and contextualize their homelessness within an affordances-based framework for mobile phone access. This paper takes into account the dual barriers of gender and the lack of a home to study the digital divide experienced by homeless women in India, expanding on how both these factors shape their access and usage, eventually bridging the digital divide, and whether mobile phones are required/desired by the women themselves. The study found that the women staying in shelter-homes see a window of hope in their use of mobile phones in the form of an independent financial future or an independent marital life, but the biased perception of using a mobile phone among women hinders women�s access to and use of these devices, which ultimately results in the loss of any kind of opportunity before it has even been explored, perhaps leading to the loss of a chance at a bright future. � The Author(s) 2023.Item COVID-19 in Mass Media: Manufacturing Mass Perceptions of the Virus among Older Adults(Walter de Gruyter GmbH, 2023-03-17T00:00:00) Pelletier, Petra; Kanozia, Rubal; Arya, Ritu; Lefort, Claire; McLaughlin, C�cile; Boespflug, Magali; Alain, SophieAccording to the latest The Global Risks Report (2022) of World Economic Forum, the large-scale coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) threat creates various tensions that might lead to unexpected cascading impacts in various domains. Nevertheless, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus, about 120 nm in diameter, remains invisible to people whose cognition, emotions, and health-related behaviors are driven primarily by the subjective perception of the virus. Mass media communicating information, symbols, beliefs, and codes of conduct to the population contribute widely to the socially constructed representations of the new SARS-CoV-2 virus. Thus, the aim of the current research is to investigate the impacts of the common COVID-19 mass media image of the "ball with spikes"representing the SARS-CoV-2 virus on older adults particularly vulnerable to the COVID-19 coronavirus disease and fake news dissemination. This research is based on an innovative mixed-methods research design that combines questionnaires (N = 144), semi-structured research interviews, and pictographic measures (N = 26). The primary results demonstrate that individuals' perceptions of and emotional reactions to the invisible SARS-CoV-2 virus are shaped by mass media exposure, as the "ball with spikes"became a familiar symbol of the COVID-19 virus, marked by the symbolism of dangerousness and mystery with a divisive aesthetic. The current research that aims to highlight the role of mass media as the vector of an icon image of the new SARS-CoV-2 virus provides additional elements that may contribute to improved crisis management effectiveness of future pandemic outbreaks. � 2023 the author(s), published by De Gruyter.Item Digital Practices by Citizens During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Findings From an International Multisite Study(JMIR Publications Inc., 2023-03-06T00:00:00) Marston, Hannah Ramsden; Ko, Pei-Chun; Prabhu, Vishnunarayan Girishan; Freeman, Shannon; Ross, Christopher; Sharaievska, Iryna; Browning, Matthew HEM; Earle, Sarah; Ivan, Loredana; Kanozia, Rubal; �al?ko?lu, Halime �zt�rk; Arslan, Hasan; Bilir-Koca, Burcu; Silva, Paula Alexandra; Buttigieg, Sandra; Gro�sch�dl, Franziska; Sch�ttengruber, GerhildeBackground: The COVID-19 pandemic brought digital practices and engagement to the forefront of society, which were based on behavioral changes associated with adhering to different government mandates. Further behavioral changes included transitioning from working in the office to working from home, with the use of various social media and communication platforms to maintain a level of social connectedness, especially given that many people who were living in different types of communities, such as rural, urban, and city spaces, were socially isolated from friends, family members, and community groups. Although there is a growing body of research exploring how technology is being used by people, there is limited information and insight about the digital practices employed across different age cohorts living in different physical spaces and residing in different countries. Objective: This paper presents the findings from an international multisite study exploring the impact of social media and the internet on the health and well-being of individuals in different countries during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Data were collected via a series of online surveys deployed between April 4, 2020, and September 30, 2021. The age of respondents varied from 18 years to over 60 years across the 3 regions of Europe, Asia, and North America. On exploring the associations of technology use, social connectedness, and sociodemographic factors with loneliness and well-being through bivariate and multivariate analyses, significant differences were observed. Results: The levels of loneliness were higher among respondents who used social media messengers or many social media apps than among those who did not use social media messengers or used ?1 social media app. Additionally, the levels of loneliness were higher among respondents who were not members of an online community support group than among those who were members of an online community support group. Psychological well-being was significantly lower and loneliness was significantly higher among people living in small towns and rural areas than among those living in suburban and urban communities. Younger respondents (18-29 years old), single adults, unemployed individuals, and those with lower levels of education were more likely to experience loneliness. Conclusions: From an international and interdisciplinary perspective, policymakers and stakeholders should extend and explore interventions targeting loneliness experienced by single young adults and further examine how this may vary across geographies. The study findings have implications across the fields of gerontechnology, health sciences, social sciences, media communication, computers, and information technology. �Hannah Ramsden Marston, Pei-Chun Ko, Vishnunarayan Girishan Prabhu, Shannon Freeman, Christopher Ross, Iryna Sharaievska, Matthew HEM Browning, Sarah Earle, Loredana Ivan, Rubal Kanozia, Halime �zt�rk �al?ko?lu, Hasan Arslan, Burcu Bilir-Koca, Paula Alexandra Silva, Sandra C Buttigieg, Franziska Gro�sch�dl, Gerhilde Sch�ttengruber.Item Is Mobile Phone Use Invading Multiple Boundaries? A Study of Rural Illiterate Women in India(Sage Publications India Pvt. Ltd, 2021-01-20T00:00:00) Garg, ChhaviBlurring various boundaries of age, place of residence (urban/rural) and sociocultural�economic factors, the mobile phone has become an integral part of everyday life of almost everyone in this world. Through the identification of differences in accessibility and use of technology including the mobile phone, a digital divide is seen to be emerging, and what is of great concern is the emergence of a digital gender divide. The article is based on a study of mobile phone use by rural illiterate women in India, exploring whether three different parameters, namely, place of residence (rural or urban), gender and illiteracy, are hindering the use of the mobile phone or not. Nearly 85 per cent of the rural illiterate women studied were found to be using a mobile phone without necessarily owning it. It was their quickest means of communication and receiving information. A further improvement such as a community radio through which interaction with the outside world can be facilitated should be encouraged. � 2021 SAGE Publications.Item DOES MEDIA USAGE ENHANCE NUTRITION LITERACY? A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW AND THEMATIC ANALYSIS(Amity University, 2021-07-08T00:00:00) Mythraye, V.P.; Kanozia, Dr RubalThe aim of this article is to show in-depth view about the potent of different media usage aid in enhancing nutrition literacy in society. In this review article, 25 studies were selected from the year 2010 to 2021 to identify the gaps and recent trends in media and nutrition literacy. The incorporated studies are selected from the databases- Science Direct, PMC, Sage, Taylor and Francis, and Willey as all of them are well established for their authenticity. The studies discussed are analysed quantitatively and thematically. In the quantitative phase, seven categories are defined and in the thematic analysis phase, four themes are extracted from the conclusion of each literature about various media harnessed to improve nutrition literacy. From the quantitative data and the thematic analysis, following media category are found: (1) Traditional media as a source of nutrition literacy; (2) Online media as a source of nutrition literacy; (3) Intervention of nutrition app as a source of nutrition literacy, and (4) Intervention of gaming as a source of nutrition literacy. Media usage is considered as a substantial avenue to improve nutrition literacy globally by researchers. � 2021. All Rights Reserved.Item A study on fake news subject matter, presentation elements, tools of detection, and social media platforms in India(Center for Asian Public Opinion Research and Collaboration Initiative, 2021-02-28T00:00:00) Kanozia, Rubal; Arya, Ritu; Singh, Satwinder; Narula, Sumit; Ganghariya, GarimaThis research article attempts to understand the current situation of fake news on social media in India. The study focused on four characteristics of fake news based on four research questions: subject matter, presentation elements of fake news, debunking tool(s) or technique(s) used, and the social media site on which the fake news story was shared. A systematic sampling method was used to select a sample of 90 debunked fake news stories from two Indian fact-checking websites, Alt News and Factly, from December 2019 to February 2020. A content analysis of the four characteristics of fake news stories was carefully analyzed, classified, coded, and presented. The results show that most of the fake news stories were related to politics in India. The majority of the fake news was shared via a video with text in which narrative was changed to mislead users. For the largest number of debunked fake news stories, information from official or primary sources, such as reports, data, statements, announcements, or updates were used to debunk false claims. � 2021, Center for Asian Public Opinion Research and Collaboration Initiative. All rights reserved.Item Critical Media and Information Literacy to Combat Misinformation: Research Gaps and Future Directions(Amity University, 2022-12-08T00:00:00) Kanozia, Rubal; Dheera, C.S.; Arya, RituThis review article aims to provide insights to how effective critical media and information literacy can help in curbing the tide of fake news and misinformation in society. In this study, 55 research articles out of 2077 articles from the year 2010 to 2020 were incorporated from three databases � Sage Journals, Science Direct, Taylor and Francis, for quantitative and thematic analysis. A total of seven categories were developed and analysed in the quantitative analysis phase whereas the thematic analysis phase divided the studies into three major themes based on the ways to combat fake news and misinformation. The quantitative data and thematic analysis suggest the following measures to fight fake news and misinformation: (1) Critical media and information literacy as a tool to curb fake news, (2) Technological advancements to reduce fake news, and (3) Governmental regulations on fake news spread. Researchers propose media and information literacy as an effective tool to curb fake news and misinformation in the society. � 2022,Journal of Content, Community and Communication.All Rights Reserved.Item Structure and Functions of Metasearch Engines: An Evaluative Study(Defense Scientific Information and Documentation Centre, 2023-08-03T00:00:00) Bhardwaj, Raj Kumar; Kumar, Ritesh; Nazim, MohammadThe present study systematically examines the structure and functions of metasearch engines (MSEs) viz. Dogpile, Metacrawler, DuckDuckGo and Startpage. Further, it identifies the features and services of four metasearch engines and compares them. A checklist method was used to evaluate the four metasearch engines.These check spots are prepared regarding features and services of metasearch engines. The data were collected between April 1 to June 14, 2021, spending two hours daily. Initially, the data was recorded after accessing each MSE, and later,the data was transferred to MS Excel. The study ascertained that out of 101 check spots, Dogpile scored (66) points, Metacrawler (63), DuckDuckGo (71), and Startpage (59). DuckDuckGo is ranked first among all the four metasearch engines with 70.3 %, followed by Dogpile, Metacrawler, and Startpage respectively. A checklist used in the study contains only 101 check spots to compare the metasearch engines. Further, users� perception regarding the four metasearch engines is also not covered in the present study. The present study is the first of its kind, which compares four popular metasearch engines using a checklist method. The outcomes of the study shall help research scholars, librarians, information scientists, faculty members, and common masses choose the appropriate metasearch engine. Further, the study shall also help the developers of e-resources in incorporating more features so that users can benefit. � 2023, Defense Scientific Information and Documentation Centre. All rights reserved.Item Research Online Visibility of LIS Faculties at Central Universities in North India: An Analysis of Google Scholar(Defense Scientific Information and Documentation Centre, 2023-01-06T00:00:00) Lohia, Pragya; Prakash, HariThe study examines the Google Scholar profile of LIS faculties employed in central universities of North India to determine their research online visibility. Data was obtained by doing manual searches on Google scholar on 4 July 2022 with the appropriate name of the faculties and their affiliation. The study found that 74 % of the faculty have a Google Scholar profile. Findings show that Prof. Margam Madhusudhan (DU) is leading among the faculties with a citation count of 1715, the highest number of publications, 162, and the highest i10 index of 31. Further, Prof. Bhaskar Mukherjee (BHU) and Prof. Margam Madhusudhan (DU) have the highest-ranked h-index, with 18 each leading the list. The authors advocate that a GS profile can be used to assess the research productivity of the faculty and that the authors� work is more accessible if they create a Google Scholar profile for personal and institutional ranking purposes. The study also recommends displaying thrust areas for faculty members to boost the visibility of their areas of interest, which can be used for collaboration by other faculties or researchers with similar interests in India and overseas. � 2022, DESIDOC.