Master's Dissertations

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://kr.cup.edu.in/handle/32116/156

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3-D QSAR Study Of Combretastatins Fused With Hetrocyclic Ring As Tubulin Binding Agents
(Central University of Punjab, 2018) Dhanka, Ajit Kumar; Kumar, Vinod
Combretastatin A4 (CA4) is a leading agent in vascular disrupting strategies and tubulin polymerization inhibitor for the tumour therapy. A large number of combretastatin derivatives have been synthesized as potent inhibitors of Tubulin which are responsible for the anticancer activity. Combretastatins bind with the colchicine binding site of the tubulin and disrupt the dynamic equilibrium of tubulin. IN the current research proposal we have performed 3D-Field based QSAR on Combretastatins analogue in order to recognize structural features which are responsible for the tubulin inhibitors activity. The designed compounds are expected to show good inhibitory activity against tubulin when electrostatic group is attached in case of compounds 16 and 18, Bulky group is attached in case of compound 26 and hydrophobic group is attached in case of compound 51 respectively.
Amelioration of Salinity stress in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) variety PBG5 through foliar spray of Ascorbic acid
(Central University of Punjab, 2018) Kumar, Rajneesh; Choudhary, Krishna
Chickpea (C. arietinum L.) is the second most important legume crop sown as a winter crop in northern parts of India, and its productivity is constraint by several abiotic stress, and sat stress is one of the important factor for significant yield loss. Spraying the plants with ascorbic acid might trigger the signaling pathways that will prepare the plants to combat lethal salt stress. In this study, chickpea variety PBG5 was sprayed with ascorbic acid along with 50 mM of NaCl stress and further analyzed for various parameters. To see the effects of ascorbic acid spray various cell responses were monitored by measuring membrane damage (ELI & MDA content), water status (RLWC), Chlorophyll content and Antioxidant enzyme activity (SOD and CAT) along with growth and total biomass. Present study clearly reflected that foliar spray of ascorbic acid enhances the tolerance capacity of the plants and prevents noticeable damage in them. To conclude whole study, treatment with ascorbic acid has ability to improve the tolerance against salt stress in chickpea.
Analysing The Impact Of Sand Mining On The Flow Of Tawi River, Jammu And Kashmir
(Central University of Punjab, 2018) Salgotra, Vishabh; GUITE, L.T. SASANG
The river Tawi in Jammu and Kashmir faces indiscriminate sand mining practice where large amount of sand is being mined from the river bed between Nagrota and Sidhra area. The increasing pace of urbanization and associated developments in Jammu City and nearby areas are responsible for this practice. The mining activity in Tawi river involves massive digging of river bed materials upto 3-4 mts depth with the help of heavy duty excavators used by the mining contractors, whereas, the Geology and Mining Department gave the permission to extract the materials up to 3 mts depth. Moreover, the sand mining has impacted the flow of river Tawi particularly between Nagrota and Sidhra. In this study, the locations of sand mining sites in Tawi river between Nagrota and Sidhra are mapped from 2007 to 2018 and an attempt made to analyse the possible impact of sand mining on the flow of river. The mapping is done by using GIS technique and a field visit is also carried out for acquiring the coordinates and photographs of present sand mining sites in river Tawi
Analysis of Consumer Preference For Branded Spice Products In Bathinda
(Central University of Punjab, 2018) Kumari, Priyanka; Patil, Chidanand
India is the storehouse for many spices and its products. Before long spice were prepared at home but in the recent time technology has ben developed and people are giving priority towards branded products instead of homemade. The current thesis is mainly based to enumerate the reasons for shifting from homemade to branded spice products along with the consumers' willingness towards the preference of different brand. The study was mainly consists of some Indian spice products like Coriander, turmeric, chilli, black pepper, cumin powders and the respected brands of the spices were Everest, Eastern, Aachi, catch and MDH. We selected a total number of 60 respondents from the city of Bathinda and working on convenient sampling. The study concluded that out of 60 respondents, 38.33 percent respondents were using homemade spice products, whereas 56.7percent respondents were using branded spice products and 5 percent were using local made spice product.
An Analysis of Contract Farming In Carrot In Punjab
(Central University of Punjab, 2018) Singh, Kuldeep; Patil, Chidanand
Contract farming is a contractual agreement between firm and farmers in written/oral form describing specific condition for production, procurement of agriculture commodity such as predetermined quantity, quality, price, transportation, etc. After accepting pre- specified condition farmers enter in to contractual agreement. In the study contracting firm, contract farmer as well as proprietor farmers were studied those were involved directly or indirectly in carrot cultivation. Institutional arrangements of Pagro Frozen Food Ltd. for contract farmers were also studied. Further comparative cost return analysis was performed by collecting primary data with the help of structured questionnaire. The study was concluded while suggesting policy measures to improve contract faming in carrot cultivation that will mutually benefited for both contacting firm as well as for farmers.
Analysis of exonic region of PCNT gene in Microcephalic Osteodysplastic Primordial Dwarfism Type II subjects
(Central University of Punjab, 2018) Gupta, Neha; Khetarpal, Preeti
MOPD II is an autosomal recessive disorder. It is characterised by the presence of intra uterine growth retardation as well as post natal growth retardation. The adult height is not more than 100 cm. It has been found that mutation in PCNT gene is associated with MOPD II. The cytogenetic location of this gene is 21q22.3 and it contains 47 exons. It encodes for PCNT protein which is a very large coiled scaffold protein and helps in microtubule polymerisation ensuring proper cell division. Till date 74 mutations have been identified this includes deletion, stop, frame shift and non sense mutation. The present study was carried out to analyse the exonic region of PCNT gene in Microcephalic Osteodysplastic Primordial Dwarfism Type II subjects. As it is an autosomal rescessive disorder both male and female were equally affected. The study included three subjects diagnosed with MOPD II .The DNA was extracted from whole blood and was amplified using locus specific primers. The products were sequenced using Sanger sequencing and were analysed. Total 12 variants were detected and 2 of which were pathogenic and 2 were synonymous and remaining 8 were polymorphic variants. 3 were present in exon 44 and 1 in exon 31 .These 3 variants were found to be present in all four subjects while 1 was present in only one subject. Change in nucleotide sequence may produce deleterious affect which is needed to be explored along with the complete structure of PCNT protein.
Analysis Of Land-Use Land-Cover Change In Rajouri District, Jammu And Kashmir
(Central University of Punjab, 2018) Ahmed, Ishtiaq; Guite,L.T. Sasang
An attempt was made in this study to detect the land use and land cover changes in Rajouri district of J&K during the period from November 2008 to December 2016. The LULC change over a span of 08 years (2008-2016) was investigated through remote sensing approach using two different time satellite images. Supervised classification in GIS software has been adopted in LISS-III (2008) and Landsat-8 (2016) images of the study area. To identify LULC changes from these pictures, post classification are used. The findings of Land-use Land-cover change shown that the study has experienced a decrease in forests by 6 percent and with an increase in agricultural land and open fields and settlement areas during the study period. These amendments in the land-use and land cover of the study area convey us that this change is due to rising anthropogenic burden on forests and high level of deforestation is responsible. Nonstop assessments of land-use/land-covers changes in this city and the implementation of proper land use planning are mandatory for ideal and systematic development.
Analysis of leach protocol for lifetime optimization of wireless sensor networks
(Central University of Punjab, 2014) Maurya, Prashant; Kaur, Amanpreet
A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is an emerging field comprised of sensor nodes with limited resources like power, memory etc. It is used to monitor the remote areas where recharging or replacing the battery power of sensor nods is not possible. So, energy is a most challenging issue in case of WSN. Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) is most significant protocol which consumes less amount of energy while routing the data to the base station (BS). All descendents protocols of LEACH have been discussed in Literature review chapter. Each descendants of LEACH has its merits and demerits which needs improvement. In this research work RCH-LEACH protocol (LEACH protocol using Relay Cluster Head Node) has been proposed using a relay cluster head node (RCH node) in each cluster. RCH-LEACH protocol has been simulated on MATLAB with fixed location of base station and with fixed percentage of cluster heads in the network. Results of RCH-LEACH has been analyzed using parameters like Energy Consumption per Round, Round when First Node Dies (FND), Round when half of Nodes Die (HND), Round when Last Node Dies (LND) and throughput. Analysis of results represent that FND, HND, LND and Throughput of RCH-LEACH are higher and Energy consumption per Round is lower than that of LEACH protocol. So, it can be concluded that RCH-LEACH outperforms LEACH protocol. This RCH model used in RCH-LEACH protocol can be further extended and implemented on other descendant protocols of LEACH to improve them as a part of future work.
Analysis of PCNT gene coding sequence in subjects with Microcephalic Osteodysplastic Primordial Dwarfism Type II
(Central University of Punjab, 2018) Gautam, Saksham; Khetarpal,Preeti
Pericentrin (PCNT) is a main scaffold protein of Centrosome. It is encoded by PCNT gene which comprises of 47 exons and its cytogenetic location is 21q22.3. PCNT is a large protein containing 3336 amino acids. In PCNT protein two coiled-coil domains are bounded by a non-coiled region. Various mutations like non-sense, stop and deletion in PCNT are linked with human disorder Microcephalic Osteodysplastic Primordial Dwarfism Type II (MOPDII). The current project was carried out with an objective to analyze the coding region of PCNT gene among MOPDII patients. The DNA extracted from blood was amplified using locus specific primers for 30 exons of PCNT gene. Amplified PCR products were sequenced using chain termination method and obtained sequence contigs were then analyzed by comparing with reference sequence. After analyzing - exon sequence contigs in 3 subjects, 17 variants were identified. There is need to amplify remaining 17 exons of PCNT gene for the identification of novel mutation in subjects with MOPDII. Homozygous or compound heterozygous PCNT mutation could not be identified in our study in the PCNT coding region covered
An Analysis Of The Working Of CCI in Reference To Abuse Of Dominant Position In Media And Entertainment Sector During 2009- 2017
(Central University of Punjab, 2018) Verma, Pratibha; Pathak, Puneet
Problem relating to abuse of dominant position by an enterprise is present in almost every country in the world. Dominant position is the position of strength enjoyed by any enterprise in the market. It enables him to function independently of the various competitive forces that are prevalent in the market, or affect its competitors or consumers or the relevant market in its favor. Earlier MRTP Act, 1969 was in existence to prevent the concentration of economic power to the common detriment; to control monopolies and to prohibit monopolistic, restrictive and unfair trade practices. But this Act didn't mention abuse of dominance, cartels, collusion and price fixing, bid rigging, boycotts and refusal to deal, predatory pricing etc. Moreover it didn't contain any express provision for the application of the Act on any anti- competitive conduct outside India and affecting Indian market in an adverse manner. On the basis of the recommendations of the Raghavan committee, government of India enacted Competition Act in 2002. Competition Commission of India is the nodal agency under the Act to deal with the problem of abuse of dominant position. It started its working in 2009. 868 cases have been filled in the Commission up to 2017 regarding contravention of the provisions of the abuse of dominant position. The present study analyses the working of CCI in regard to abuse of dominant position
Analyzing Reproductive Capabilities Of Chickpea In Cold Environment
(Central University of Punjab, 2018) Selpair, Shweta; Kumar,Sanjeev
Chickpea is winter sown legume crop. In northern India, crop faces chilling stress during the month of January. Chilling stress causes detrimental effects on the reproductive stages of the crop which leads to the abortion of flowers, pod setting and seed yield. Preconditioning is a process in which plants are treated with mild drought stress to induce plant defense system against chilling stress. Effect of preconditioning was studied on five genotypes PBG1, GPF2, PDG3, PDG4 and PBG5. In this experiment, performance was evaluated on the basis of their seed yield. Reproductive structures were studied with the help of compound, scanning electron and confocal microscopy. Results have shown that PBG5 has performed best while PBG1 worst on the basis of seed yield among the five genotypes.
Antibacterial and Anticancer property of bioactive secondary metabolites from Actinomycetes isolated from different regions of Himachal Pradesh
(Central University of Punjab, 2018) Chambiyal, Gourav; Kushawaha Pramod K.
The prime objective of the present work is to isolate, characterize and purify soil microbes and to know about their antibacterial and anticancer properties. Soil samples were obtained from different locations in Dharamsala, Himachal Pradesh, India. Serial dilutions of the samples were made and plated on starch casein agar. Screening, purification and further tests were performed on the isolates to find the potential colonies. Biochemical and morphological characterization was done as well. Following characterization, isolates were used to extract bioactive secondary metabolites which can be anti-bacterial and anti-cancer. Secondary screening for antibacterial properties of isolates was evaluated by Agar well diffusion method. Further, the isolates were subjected to the GC-MS and MTT cytotoxic assay. Totally 7 isolates of actinomycetes were isolated and out of them only 4 were tested for antagonistic activity against 4 pathogenic microorganisms. Isolates M1,and M3 of dilution 10-1 were active, while M2 and M4 showed less activity against the pathogenic microorganisms. All actinomycetes isolates showed antibacterial activity against S. enterica and P. putida while they showed less activity against S. aureus and E.coli. These isolates showed antibacterial and anti-cancer activities and may be used for the growth of new antibiotics for pharmaceutical or agricultural purposes.
Anticancer activity of cassia fistula linn through invitro and insilicoapproach
(Central University of Punjab, 2014) Sharma, Akanksha; Jaitak, Vikas
Cassia fistula L. (Leguminoseae) is a plant species called "Aragvadha" that means "disease killer". C. fistula consists of plethora of medicinal properties. A detailed discussion is depicted of the therapeutic potential and chemical composition of C. fistula that is responsible for its highly important medicinal properties. C. fistula contains many chemical components like anthraquinones, anthocyanindins, proanthocyanidins, flavanoids, polyphenols, alkaloids, saponins, coumarins, tannins, etc. These constituents are reported to possess various biological properties such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antitumor, antimelasmic activities etc. In the current dissertation work we limited our study to cancer; specifically, Lung cancer (LC) and Breast cancer (BC) which are spread all over the world to a threatening level. The present study is an effort to contribute to such a multi-targeting moiety from the plant C. fistula, on the basis of in vitro and simulated analysis. To explore the anticancer activity of C. fistula; in vitro (cytotoxicity studies) on different extracts and in silico studies using MMGBSA (Molecular Mechanics - the Generalized Born model and Solvent Accessibility) on the earlier reported molecules was performed; to study protein - ligand binding interactions on four different targets. The different extracts (Petroleum v ether (SVA-1) (for defatting), Ethyl acetate (SVA-2), Methanol (SVA-3), Hydro- methanolic (SVA-4) Extracts) were prepared in order of their increasing polarity. In- vitro cytotoxicity studies done using MTT (3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay on the extracts of plant and their IC50 values were calculated. It was performed to identify plant's cytotoxic activity. Targets studied via performing in silico protein-ligand binding interactions of majorly mutated yet interlinked pathways of tyrosine kinase and serine/ threonine kinase family; that are namely EGFR, PI3K, Akt and mTOR receptors on which reported molecules of plant were studied. In silico studies were performed using maestro 9.6 Schrodinger software. MMGBSA and ADMET analysis were performed to discover and understand protein - ligand interactions between the chosen ligands of Cassia fistula and selected kinase receptors. On conducting MMGBSA (Molecular Mechanics ' the Generalized Born model and Solvent Accessibility) studies 5,3,4-tri-hydroxy-6-methoxy-7-O-?-L- rhamnopyranosyl-(1?2)-O-?-D-galactopyranoside along with few other moieties illustrated fine binding interactions against standard inhibitors of all the protein targets. From in vitro experiment, it was found that Hydromethanolic extract (SVA-4) showed prominent cytotoxicity against MCF-7, A-549 and H-460 cell lines particularly near 50?g/ml of concentration. Results were found in comparable with the NCI criteria limits for IC50 values of extracts obtained in assay. Also extracts were stable in DMSO solvent even when kept at the ambient temperature for 30 days and gave consistent results against cancer cell lines. As per the results of the in silico studies, the 5,3,4-tri- hydroxy-6-methoxy-7-O-?-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1?2)-O-?-D-galactopyranoside (dG Bind score -98.7866kcal/mol) for EGFR in comparison to gefitinib (dG Bind score - 86.5585kcal/mol); (dG Bind score -87.3524kcal/mol) for Akt as compared to AZD 5363 (dG Bind score -76.5959); (dG Bind score -87.1051kcal/mol) for PI3K as compared to wortmannin (dG Bind score -79.0654kcal/mol) and for mTOR it has shown the (dG Bind score of -81.964kcal/mol) against sirolimus (dG Bind score -192.354kcal/mol) is reported to have fair pharmacokinetic profile along with attractive binding interactions with EGFR, PI3K, Akt and mTOR receptors.
Anticancer potential of new n-acetyl pyrazoline derivatives of 1,3 diaryl/hetroaryl propenoes: Synethesis and evaluation
(Central University of Punjab, 2013) Alex, Jimi Martin; Kumar, Raj
Pyrazoles, categorized as nitrogen-containing heterocycles, are well known for their interminable participation in the field of perpetual research and development of therapeutical active agents. As a consequence pyrazoles became an inevitable core of numerous drugs having diverse activities. The broad spectrum of activities portrayed by the pyrazoles instigated the researchers to modify the pyrazole ring as 4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazoles commonly known as 2-pyrazolines. This modification played a determining role in defining the biological activities of several compounds. The presence of aromatic/heterocyclic substituents on the pyrazoline ring only served to accentuate these activities. Literature survey also revealed that substitution such as amide group, acetyl groupetc.at N1 of the pyrazoline also played a decisive role in deciding the biological activity. The vast information obtained from literature survey stimulated us to synthesize compounds having 2-pyrazoline as the core moiety of which either the C3 or C5 was substituted with heterocyclic ring in addition to acetyl moiety at the N1 of the pyrazoline. The compounds were assessed for their anticancer potential against four cancer cell- MCF-7, H-460, T-47 D and A-549. MTT assay was carried out for testing the cell viability. The assay results revealed that certain compounds showed anticancer potential because these agents inhibited the proliferation of breast cancer cell lines but not against lung cancer cell line. Compounds showing good activity against the cancer cell lines were also evaluated for their antioxidant property especially against reactive oxygen species
Antiproliferative activity of Asparagus racemosus extracts
(Central University of Punjab, 2018) Sharma, Ram; Jaitak, Vikas
Cancer is regarded as uncontrolled progression and spread of cells. Cancer is not a singular, specific disease but a group of variable tissue responses that result in uncontrolled cell growth. Healthy cells have a specific size, structure, function and growth rate that best serves the needs of the tissues they compose. Cancer is one of the leading of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with approximately 14 million new cases in 2017. Breast cancer (BC) is a disease where cells in the tissue of the breast cancer grow and divide without normal control. Estrogen receptor is a group of proteins (or a twelve helix protein) present inside the cells of the female reproductive tissues or located in the nucleus of cells. ER?, ER? and ER gamma have different responses and they are located in different tissues. Quinone forms of catechol estrogen binds to DNA and forms adduct. Semi Quinone intermediates are free radicals can bind with oxygen to producing superoxide radicals. Superoxide radicals can attack and alter the structure of DNA and causing Breast cancer. Various synthetic drugs (Tamoxifen & Raloxifene) are used for treatment of breast cancer, but numerous side effects like menopausal symptoms, vaginal dryness, low libido, mood swings and Nausea. The discovery of novel natural drugs is important for reduction of side-effects, high selectivity, low toxicity, and better killing of cancer cells. Phytoestrogens are one the best category of natural products used for treatment of breast cancer. Phytoestrogens have similar structure to the endogenous estrogen. Distance between the hydroxyl groups is 14.5 A0 is similar to estrogen. Asparagus racemosus contain large number of phytoestrogens. In this context, the aim of the present study was to explore the roots of Asparagus racemosus in the terms of its medicinal values for Breast cancer. Anticancer activity of different extracts were evaluated by performing In vitro study by using Breast cancer cell lines T-47 D. from the Preliminary phytochemical investigation of extracts demonstrated that methanolic extract and Aqueous methanolic extract contain large number of phytoestrogens. Aqueous methanolic extract and methanolic extract showed maximum IC50 value as compare to other extract. Isolation of molecules from methanol extract, total four molecules isolated from methanol extract and three molecules from aqueous methanol extract. Moreover, in silico study of reported phytoestrogen from Asparagus racemosus was also carried out using glide docking to investigate interaction pattern with estrogen receptor ? and estrogen receptor ?. The top docking score was obtained for Rutin (Estrogen receptor ?) and Quercetin (Estrogen receptor ?). Tamoxifen and raloxifene used as standard for estrogen receptor ? and oestradiol used as standard for estrogen receptor ?. From the ADME study demonstrated that maximum flavonoids has highest oral absorption as compare to other. The results showed that phytoestrogens are expected prospective candidate for regulatory tumor progression with a special emphasis in breast cancer progression.
Antiproliferative Activity of Chloroform and Methanol Extracts of Piper attenuatum (Buch-Ham)
(Central University of Punjab, 2018) Pathak, Neha; Kumar, Raj
Indian traditional medicinal plant Piper attenuatum (Buch-Ham) has been investigated for its antiproliferative activity. Dried powder of fruits of Piper attenuatum (Buch-Ham) was subjected to maceration to prepare various extracts using different solvents in the order of increasing polarity. In vitro antiproliferative activity of all the extract was carried out using MTT assay against MDA-MB-231(Breast cancer) cell line. The Chloroform and Methanol extracts were found to be the most active fractions. The results from MTT assay of isolated compounds from Chloroform extract, NP7C was found to be the most potent antiproliferative agent with IC50 value of 3.83 ?M which is comparable to etoposide 2.37 ?M. Compound NP7L also exhibit significant antiproliferative activity (IC50 of 6.44 ?M) which was comparable to colchicine (IC50 = 6.3 ?M). Thus, the present study indicated that isolated compounds of Piper attenuatum (Buch-Ham) possess great potential to be developed as anticancer agent in future.
Assessment of antioxidant potential of phytochemicals in human glioblastoma (U-87 MG) cells
(Central University of Punjab, 2014) Kaur, Manpreet; Mantha, Anil K.
Imbalance between production of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) leads to oxidative stress and has been well documented for mitochondrial dysfunction, a prime cause towards pathogenesis of neurological diseases and cancer. Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is a highly aggressive, invasive and primary brain tumor which shows resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an antioxidant enzyme that scavenges the production of superoxide radicals and dismutases into H?O? which is further converted into H?O and O? by catalase (CAT) enzyme. Apurinic/Apyrimidinic endonuclease (APE1) is a central enzyme of base excision repair (BER) pathway with two important functions; DNA repair and redox regulation of transcription factors (TFs) responsible for cell survival. In this study, it was seen that oxidative stress induced by endogenously found oxidants H?O? and glucose oxidase (GO) enhanced the activities of both CuZn-SOD and MnSOD in U-87 MG cells. In addition, CuZn-SOD levels were found to be increased in H?O?-induced oxidative stress and MnSOD levels were found to be increased in both H?O? and GO- induced oxidative stress. Further, pretreatment with phytochemicals Curcumin and Quercetin modulated the activities and expression of both forms of SOD studied. The BER-pathway enzyme, APE1 level was found to be decreased in mitochondria of oxidative stress induced U-87 MG cells by H?O? and GO, and in contrast APE1 level was found to be increased in cytosol, which indicates that oxidative stress affects the expression level and sub-cellular localization of APE1. Taken together, these results indicate that in GBM it is more likely that activated SOD a key player of antioxidant system and APE1 a key player in BER-pathway might be facilitating cancer cells to survive in oxidative stress environment.
Assessment of Extract of Syzygium cumini Against Doxorubicin Induced Cardiotoxicity
(Central University of Punjab, 2018) Chayan, Mukherjee; Monisha Dhiman
For the past four decades, doxorubicin (DOX) has been used to treat cancer, mainly solid tumours and haematological malignancies. However, clinical community is greatly concerned regarding the administration of this as DOX treatment is commonly associated with dose-dependent cardiotoxicity. Attempts at alleviating drug generated cardiac damage using an extract from different parts of plants with radical scavenging property are a promising area of research. Hydroalcoholic extract derived from fruit pulp of Syzygiumcumini which has a significant antiradical scavenging effect. This study aims to assess the effect of parallel administration of SC fruit pulp extract (SC) on mitigating or preventing DOX induced cardiotoxicity in vitro using H9c2 cardiomyoblast cell lines. Addition of SC fruit pulp extract and DOX were performed for both treatment and control sets on H9c2 cells. SC fruit pulp extract showed strong ABTS cation radical scavenging activity in a dose dependent manner. MTT assay was used to study the cytotoxic effect of SC fruit pulp extract and DOX. ROS levels were estimated using NBT assay and DHE assay. The results showed that DOX has significant cytotoxic effect in a dose dependent manner while SC fruit pulp extract did not display any significant cytotoxicity on H9c2 cells. The DOX induced ROS production was found to be significantly reduced in SC fruit pulp extract treated cells. Results of the current study also suggest that the treatment of SC fruit pulp extract along with DOX, displayed cardioprotective potential in H9c2 cells by: 1) reducing lipid peroxidation; 2) decreasing extracellular nitric oxide (NO); 3) decreasing the expression of the protein p47phox and iNOS/NOS-2. These results clearly suggest that treatment of SC fruit pulp extract along with DOX reduces the DOX induced toxicity and hence can be a promising therapeutic intervention in managing DOX mediated cardiotoxicity.
Association of COX-2 (rs20417) polymorphism with aspirin resistance and adverse drug reactions (if any) in ischemic stroke patients in Malwa region of Punjab.
(Central University of Punjab, 2018) Kaur, Sukhvir; Munshi, Anjana
Ischemic stroke pathology involves the formation of a thrombus over an unstable atherosclerotic plaque through various inflammatory and clotting cascades. Aspirin is the oldest antiplatelet agent with well-established efficacy in stroke prevention. COX2 gene with rs20417 polymorphism has been found to be associated with ischemic stroke as well as aspirin resistance. We aimed to study the demographic profile of ischemic stroke patients from Malwa region of Punjab and check the frequency of rs20417 variant of COX 2 gene and correlate it with aspirin resistance and ADRs (if any) in ischemic stroke patients. We collected 30 samples from confirmed stroke patients from Malwa region of Punjab. DNA was isolated from blood and subjected to PCR and RFLP to evaluate rs20417 in COX 2 gene in the patients. Their mRS score was used to classify patients as aspirin responders or aspirin non-responders. 96.66% patients were aspirin responders and 3.33% were non-responders. Twenty-nine patients were carriers of CC genotype, of which 27 were responders and 2 were non-responders. Only 1 patient with CG genotype was a non-responder. A larger number of samples need to be screened for the COX-2 G765C polymorphism before coming to a conclusion. This preliminary study indicates that COX-2 G765C variant of COX-2 gene may not be a risk factor for aspirin resistance in ischemic stroke patients from Malwa region of Punjab
Association of UGT1A6 2 (Ser7Ala) polymorphism with therapeutic response to aspirin in ischemic stroke patients
(Central University of Punjab, 2018) Kumar, Dharmendra; Munshi,Anjana
Ischemic stroke occurs due to the formation of thrombus or embolism within the arteries due to platelet aggregation. Aspirin therapy is used for the prevention of secondary stroke. The variant of UGT1A6 (Ser7Ala) gene has been found to be associated with ischemic stroke as well as aspirin resistance. We aim to study the demographic profile of ischemic stroke patients from Malwa region of Punjab and to evaluate the frequency of UGT1A6*2 Ser7Ala polymorphism and correlate it with aspirin resistance and ADRs (if any). We collected 30 samples from confirmed ischemic stroke patients from Guru Gobind Singh Medical College and Hospital in Malwa region of Punjab. DNA was isolated from blood and PCR- RFLP technique was used to evaluate the UGT1A6 gene variant in the patients. mRS value was used to classify patients as responders or nonresponders. 24 patients had TT genotype and 6 patients were found to bear TG genotype. 90% of patients were aspirin responders and 10% were aspirin nonresponders. Since the sample size was too low to identify significant associations, a large number of samples should be screened before coming to a conclusion. However, this preliminary study indicates that UGT1A6*2 (Ser7Ala) variant of UGT1A6 gene might be a risk factor for aspirin resistance in the studied group.